Cannabis , a dioecious annual herb, has long been cultivated for fiber in a wide area from the northern temperate zone to the tropics. Its dried leaves (marijuana) have long been smoked for recreational purposes, but after its resin, called hashish by Muslims, spread to various regions, crimes caused by addiction became a social problem, and it is now designated as a narcotic drug. It contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol, cannabidiol, etc., but the amount of each component varies depending on the place of origin and also on the individual plant. It has pharmacological effects such as anesthetic, catalepsy, sedation, hypnotic, and stimulant effects, and the active ingredient is THC. It exists in the plant as tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), and is decarboxylated by heat such as drying or smoking to become THC. [See alternative term] Cannabinoid Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
Cannabis属植物大麻草は,雌雄異株の一年生草本で,古くから繊維用として,温帯北部から熱帯まで,非常に広い地域にわたって栽培されている.昔から快楽用としてその乾燥葉(マリファナ)を喫煙した歴史があるが,その樹脂をハシシュと称して回教徒が各地に伝えてから,中毒による犯罪が社会問題となり,現在では麻薬に指定されている.テトラヒドロカンナビノール(THC),カンナビノール,カンナビジオールなどを含有するが,それぞれの成分の量は産地によっても,また個体によっても異なっている.麻酔作用,カタレプシー,鎮静,催眠,興奮作用などの薬理作用があるが,その有効成分はTHCである.植物中にはテトラヒドロカンナビノール酸(THCA)として存在し,乾燥,喫煙などの熱によって脱炭酸されてTHCとなる.[別用語参照]カンナビノイド 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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