Peruvian socialist thinker. Born in Moquegua in the south, he injured his left leg in an accident while in elementary school. At the age of 14, he became a proofreader for La Prensa in Lima, the capital, and self-taught himself in journalism. He participated in the launch of several newspapers and magazines, and switched from literary theory to political and social commentary. He criticized the dictatorship of President Leguía, and was exiled in 1919. He spent nearly four years in Italy, France, and other countries, where he witnessed the rise of the socialist movement after the Russian Revolution. After returning to Peru, he launched the magazine Amauta in 1926 and became a standard-bearer of the left-wing movement. In 1928, he published his main work, Seven Essays for the Interpretation of Peruvian Reality, and founded the Socialist Party. He analyzed the history and reality of Peru, reevaluated indigenous communities, and aimed to indigenize Marxism by linking indigenism (indigenous restorationism) with socialism. Although his unique ideas were not recognized by Comintern, his influence now extends beyond Latin America. [Hiroko Nori] "Seven Essays for Interpreting the Reality of Peru" (translated by Harada Kinichiro) (1988, Tsuge Shobo) "Between the Indies and the West: A Collection of Essays on Mariategui's Politics and Culture" (translated by Kobayashi Michihiro and Tsuji Toyoji) (1999, Gendai Kikakushitsu) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ペルーの社会主義思想家。南部のモケグアに生まれ、小学校時代に左足を事故で痛める。14歳で首都リマの『ラ・プレンサ』紙の校正係となり、独学でジャーナリズムの世界に入った。数種の新聞や雑誌の発刊に加わって、文学論から政治・社会評論に転じ、レギーア大統領の独裁を批判して、1919年に国外追放に処せられる。4年近くをイタリア、フランスなどで過ごし、ロシア革命後の社会主義運動の高揚を目の当たりにした。帰国後の1926年に雑誌『アマウタ』を発刊して左翼運動の旗手となり、1928年には主著『ペルーの現実解釈のための七試論』を刊行し、社会党を結成した。ペルーの歴史と現実を分析して原住民共同体を再評価し、インディヘニスモ(原住民復権主義)と社会主義を結び付けることによって、マルクス主義の土着化を目ざした。彼のユニークな思想はコミンテルンに認められなかったが、現在その影響力はラテンアメリカを超えている。 [乗 浩子] 『原田金一郎訳『ペルーの現実解釈のための七試論』(1988・柘植書房)』▽『小林致広・辻豊治訳『インディアスと西洋の狭間で――マリアテギ政治・文化論集』(1999・現代企画室)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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