The capital of Belgorod Oblast in the western part of the Russian Federation. Located on the banks of the North Donets River, it is the administrative, economic and transportation center of the oblast. Population: 339,100 (1999). Known since the 13th century, a fortress was built in 1593, and in the 17th century it was an important military base in southern Russia against attacks by the Crimean Tatars. It was also a commercial center connecting Crimea, Ukraine, and Russia, and in the 18th century it became an important administrative city in southern Russia. Industry developed after the Russian Revolution (1917), with construction materials manufacturing using local resources (chalk, sand, cement), agricultural product processing (canned vegetables and fruits), boiler manufacturing, etc. There are a technical university for manufacturing construction materials, a pedagogical university, a local museum, a puppet theater, etc. It is a transportation hub connecting Moscow and Kharkov (Ukraine), and a railway junction. [Taizo Nakamura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ロシア連邦西部、ベルゴロド州の州都。北ドネツ川の河岸にあり、同州の行政、経済、交通の中心地となっている。人口33万9100(1999)。13世紀から知られ、1593年要塞(ようさい)が建設され、17世紀にはクリミア・タタール人の攻撃に対するロシア南方の重要な軍事拠点であった。また、ウクライナ・クリミアとロシアとを結ぶ商業中心地でもあったが、18世紀にはロシア南部の重要な行政都市となった。工業はロシア革命(1917)後に発達し、地元の資源(チョーク、砂、セメント)を利用する建設資材工業、農産物加工(野菜・果物缶詰)、ボイラー製造などが行われる。建設資材製造技術大学、教育大学、郷土博物館、人形劇場などがある。モスクワとハリコフ(ウクライナ)を結ぶ交通の要地で、鉄道分岐点。 [中村泰三] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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