Pet (English)

Japanese: ペット（英語表記）pet

A pet animal. An animal that is kept for the purpose of being loved and cherished. A cute and charming appearance, a beautiful voice, and an obedient personality are some of the conditions for a pet. Traditionally, mammals, birds, and fish have been kept as pets, but in recent years, reptiles such as crocodiles, lizards, and snakes have also become popular, and a wide range of animals, including amphibians and insects, can be kept as pets. The most common of these are dogs and cats, which were originally used to detect danger, help with hunting, and catch mice, but over the long history of their existence, many of them have been genetically improved and are now purely for pet use. The term companion animal began to be used around 1985. It can also be translated as a companion animal, as it refers to an animal that has lived with us for a long time and is treated in the same way as a spouse, family member, or friend. The background to this is thought to be that, with the changes in the social environment, animals have been reevaluated not only as pets, but also as beings that can form equal friendships with humans and are deeply connected to human mental activities and social life. From this perspective, animal therapy, which is a form of therapy using animals, research on pet loss, which is a state in which people are unable to recover from the shock of losing their pet, and the Assistance Dogs for the Disabled Act have been enacted to allow people to accompany assistance dogs for the physically disabled, such as guide dogs, service dogs, and hearing dogs.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

愛玩動物のこと。大切にかわいがるために飼育されている動物をいう。かわいらしく愛嬌のある容姿，きれいな鳴き声，飼い主に従順な性格などがペットの条件としてあげられる。昔からおもに哺乳類，鳥類，魚類が飼われてきたが，近年はワニ，トカゲ，ヘビなどの爬虫類も人気を集めるようになり，両生類や昆虫類を含めて幅広くペットになりうる。そのなかで最も一般的なのはイヌ，ネコで，危険を察知したり狩猟の助けをしたり，ネズミをとるなど家畜としての役割を兼ねていたものが，長い歴史のなかで遺伝的に改良され，まったくの愛玩用になってしまった品種も少なくない。 1985年頃から，コンパニオンアニマル companion animalということばが使われ始めた。長い間いっしょに暮らしてきた動物を，伴侶や家族，友だちと同じように位置づける意味で，伴侶動物とも訳される。社会環境の変化に伴って，動物が愛玩の対象としてだけでなく，人間と対等な交友関係を結べる存在，人間の精神活動や社会生活に深くかかわる存在としてその意義や価値，役割が見直されてきたことが，その背景にあると考えられる。その観点から，動物を介した療法を行なうアニマルセラピーやペットとの死別のショックから立ち直れない状態に陥るペットロスの研究，盲導犬，介助犬，聴導犬など身体障害者補助犬を同伴できるようにするための身体障害者補助犬法の制定がなされている。

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