Local Group of galaxies

Japanese: 局部銀河群 - きょくぶぎんがぐん
Local Group of galaxies

A group of galaxies to which the Milky Way (the Milky Way system) containing Earth belongs. It is also called the Local Group. It consists of about 50 galaxies within a radius of 3 million light years. The main constituent galaxies are the Milky Way, the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, and M33. They are broadly divided into two groups, the Andromeda Group and the Milky Way Group. There are also many dwarf galaxies, and their number is increasing due to recent improvements in observational technology. The galaxies in the Local Group are gravitationally connected, and the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are attracted to each other and are thought to collide in about 7 billion years.

The Local Group is also known to lie on the edge of the larger Virgo Supercluster (which constitutes the Local Supercluster), and is also thought to be gravitationally connected to the Virgo Supercluster, pulling the entire Local Group towards the centre of the Virgo Cluster.

[Editorial Department]

[References] | Andromeda Galaxy | Galaxy Group | Galaxy System | Supercluster | Magellan Clouds
Andromeda Galaxy
A typical spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. NGC224 (M31). It is the closest galaxy of its kind to the Milky Way. Photographed by the Ultraviolet Space Telescope © NASA/JPL-Caltech ">

Andromeda Galaxy

Magellanic Clouds
The Large Magellanic Cloud (upper right) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (left). They are irregular galaxies located in the constellations Doradus and Tucanus, respectively, and are also called the Magellanic Cloud and the Magellanic Galaxy. ©ESO/S.Brunier ">

Magellanic Clouds

Triangulum Galaxy
A spiral galaxy in the constellation Triangulum. NGC598 (M33). Photographed by the large optical and infrared telescope "Subaru" © National Astronomical Observatory of Japan ">

Triangulum Galaxy


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

地球を含む天の川銀河(銀河系)が属する銀河群。局所銀河群ともよぶ。半径300万光年の広がりの中にあって約50個ほどの銀河からなる。おもな構成銀河は、天の川銀河、アンドロメダ銀河(M31)、大マゼラン星雲、小マゼラン星雲、M33である。それらは大きく二つのアンドロメダ・グループと銀河系グループに分かれる。ほかに矮小(わいしょう)銀河が多数あり、最近の観測技術の向上によりその数は増えつつある。局部銀河群内の銀河は重力的につながりがあり、天の川銀河とアンドロメダ銀河は互いに引き合い、約70億年後には衝突すると思われる。

 また局部銀河群はより大きなおとめ座超銀河団(局部超銀河団を構成する)の端(はし)に位置していることがわかっている。そして局部銀河群もまたおとめ座超銀河団と重力的につながりがあり、局部銀河群全体はおとめ座銀河団の中心へ向かって引き寄せられていると考えられている。

[編集部]

[参照項目] | アンドロメダ銀河 | 銀河群 | 銀河系 | 超銀河団 | マゼラン星雲
アンドロメダ銀河
アンドロメダ座にある典型的な渦状銀河。NGC224(M31)。同種の銀河としては銀河系からもっとも近距離にある。紫外線宇宙望遠鏡により撮影©NASA/JPL-Caltech">

アンドロメダ銀河

マゼラン星雲
大マゼラン星雲(右上)と小マゼラン星雲(左)。それぞれ、かじき座、きょしちょう座に位置する不規則型銀河で、マゼラン雲、マゼラン銀河ともよばれる©ESO/S.Brunier">

マゼラン星雲

さんかく座銀河
さんかく座にある渦状銀河。NGC598(M33)。大型光学赤外線望遠鏡「すばる」により撮影©国立天文台">

さんかく座銀河


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