Betto - Betto

Japanese: 別当 - べっとう

〘Noun〙① In ancient China, the head of an office. [New Book of Tang - Giei-shi-jo]② Originally, it meant that a person with the main office also held the position of head of other offices, but it was widely used as a title for the head. ※Shosoin documents - March 1, 762, Tenpyo Hoji 6th year, Todaiji Construction Office Notice and Report "Two Tile Works Betto"③ In particular, the head of the Kebiishi Office. Kebiishi's betto. ※Sagomo Monogatari (around 1069-77) 1 "The look of him saying, 'I won't let this gate open,' made me think that he was the Kurano-do no Shosho, the son of the betto-dono."④ Since the Heian period, the head of household institutions such as the retired emperor's, the prince's family, the regent's family, and the minister's family. Usually, multiple people are appointed, but there are many in the retired emperor's offices. In addition, the heads of the lower household institutions such as the educational office and the stables are also called betto. ※Ochikubo (late 10th century) 3 "Emon no Sa, head of the administrative office"⑤ The head of the administrative office, the Samurai office, the public document office, etc. of the Kamakura shogunate. ※Azuma Kagami - October 6, 1184, "The new public document office is _a good start. Aki _no Suke Nakahara Hiromoto Tameji is appointed as the chief priest"⑥ One of the priests. Placed in large temples such as Todai-ji, Kofuku-ji, Horyu-ji, Ninna-ji, and Shitenno-ji, they are ranked above the three courtiers and oversee the temple affairs of a temple. Also, the person in question. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 3/391/Inscription "A poem by the chief priest Shaman Manji, built at Tsukushi Kanzeon -ji Temple"⑦ One of the priests of Jinguji . Placed in shrines such as Usa, Tsuruoka, Gion, Kehi, and Iwashimizu, they are in charge of general affairs. Also, the person in question. They were below the Kengyo (inspectors) , and were divided into Dai-betsuto (chief betto), Sho-betsuto (shoryu-betsuto), Shuri-betsuto (supervising betto), and _betto - _dai (deputy betto). *Gonki - June 28, 1000, Choho 2: "I have given a formal notice _{to the betto} of _Kibi Jinguji Temple to be a _kuni-kai (local governor), to be a _magistrate ), and to be sent to the Kuni-Taira no Ason to be a kuni-kai (local governor of the manor). ⑧ A type of manor official. From the Heian period onwards, those who were in charge of the affairs of the manor. Also, the person who was in charge. *Asano Gunsai - November 16, 1015, Chowa 4: Harima Kokufu: Kokufu Ako-gunji (abbreviated) Kengyo-nai Toneri Harima Kana Betto Harima Okimasa" ⑨ One of the official ranks for the blind. The second of the four ranks, and ranked below the Kengyo. There were three classes: So-betsuto (chief betto), Sho-betsuto (senior betto), and Gon-betsuto (provisional betto). ※Todōyōshū (18th century or so) “Order of official ranks (abbreviated) Betto _Nari 23rd rank ₁ ”⑩ (from the meaning of betto of prostitutes) A person who controls prostitutes. ※Azuma Kagami - May 15, 1193 (Kenkyu 4) “ _A group of prostitutes near Tegoe and Kisegawa were ordered to appear _before _the lord, and _Yoshinari , the crown prince from _Satomi , was _summoned and _{made betto} _of _the prostitute in the future. At present, they are quite a group.”⑪ An imperially appointed official who managed the affairs of the university in the early Meiji period.⑫ One of the staff members of the Imperial Prince’s household, appointed on January 16, 1890 ( Meiji 23 ). They assisted the Imperial Prince, were in charge of household affairs and accounting, and supervised staff members below the steward. They held the status of a high-ranking official, but were abolished on November 1, 1194. ⑬ (derived from the title of the head of the stables of the Imperial Court) A person who raises horses and guides horse riding. Horse breeder. Groom. ※Kan'ei-published Hon Mokyu-sho (c. 1529), 7: "A chamberlain is like a head of the stables." ⑭ Town official. ※Sagara Clan Laws (1493-1555), Article 39: "1. In Tonoshiro-cho, here, there is a vassal of some kind, but there is _no head official. This is a peculiar matter." ⑮ Village headman. Village official. ※Chiho-Honreiroku (1794), 7: "In the western part of the country, there are some places where the headman is called the head official." ⑯ Master. Husband. ※Comedy book, Zoku Hizakurige (1810-22), vol. 2 “Isn’t that rude to us? Call the chief priest .”

Be-tou Tau [Secretary]

〘Noun〙 (without the double consonant of “betto”) = betto (head priest) ※Yamato (around 947-957) 147 “I’m tired of the silk thread, and I’m not going to give up. I’ll cross the mountain of the club because of you.”

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 古代中国で、一官庁の長官。〔新唐書‐儀衛志上〕② 元来は本官のある人が他の役所の長官を兼務するの意だが、ひろく長官の称として用いられた。※正倉院文書‐天平宝字六年（762）三月一日・造東大寺司告朔解「造瓦所別当弐人」③ 特に、検非違使庁の長官。検非違使の別当。※狭衣物語（1069‐77頃か）一「この門開けさせんなど、いひける気色、別当殿の御子の蔵人の少将とぞ、思はせたりければ」④ 平安時代以降、院・親王家・摂関家・大臣家などの家政機関の長官。ふつう複数の人を任命するが、特に院の庁には多く置かれる。また、家政機関の下部組織である文殿・厩などの長官も別当と称する。※落窪（１０Ｃ後）三「政所のへっ当なる衛門の佐」⑤ 鎌倉幕府の政所・侍所(さむらいどころ)・公文所(くもんじょ)などの長官。※吾妻鏡‐元暦元年（1184）一〇月六日「新造公文所吉書始也。安芸介中原広元為_二別当_一着座」⑥ 僧官の一つ。東大寺・興福寺・法隆寺・仁和寺・四天王寺などの大寺に置かれ、三綱の上位にあり、一山の寺務を総裁したもの。また、その人。※万葉（８Ｃ後）三・三九一・題詞「造筑紫観世音寺別当沙彌満誓歌一首」⑦ 神宮寺(じんぐうじ)の僧官の一つ。宇佐・鶴岡・祇園・気比・石清水などの神社に置かれ、庶務をつかさどるもの。また、その人。検校(けんぎょう)の下位にあり、大別当・少別当・修理別当・別当代などの区別があった。※権記‐長保二年（1000）六月二八日「定救申_二気比神宮寺別当国解_一、付_二允政_一、送_二国平朝臣許_一」⑧ 荘官の一種。平安時代以降、荘園の事務をつかさどったもの。また、その人。※朝野群載‐二二・長和四年（1015）一一月一六日・播磨国符「国符赤穂郡司〈略〉検校内舎人播磨香名別当播磨興昌」⑨ 盲人の官位の一つ。四階級のうちの第二にあたり、検校の下に位する。総別当・正別当・権別当の三等に分かれる。※当道要集（１８Ｃ中か）「官位の次第〈略〉別当成_二三階_一」⑩ (遊女の別当の意から) 遊女を取り締まるもの。※吾妻鏡‐建久四年（1193）五月一五日「手越黄瀬河已下近辺遊女令_二群参_一、列_二候御前_一、而召_二里見冠者義成_一、向後可_レ為_二遊君別当_一、只今即彼等群集、頗物忩也」⑪ 明治初年、大学校の事務を統轄した勅任官。⑫ 明治二三年（一八九〇）一月一六日に定められた親王家の職員の一つ。親王を補佐し、家政・会計などをつかさどり、家令以下の職員を監督した。高等官の身分をもっていたが、同四〇年一一月一日廃止。⑬ (院の厩(うまや)の別当から転じて) 馬を飼育したり、乗馬の口取りをしたりする人。馬飼い。馬丁。※寛永刊本蒙求抄（1529頃）七「舎人は、馬屋の別当のやうな者ぞ」⑭ 町役人。※相良氏法度（1493‐1555）三九条「一爰元外城町におゐて、なしか何かしの被官なとと申候而、別当へなし不_レ申候、くせ事に候」⑮ 庄屋。村役人。※地方凡例録（1794）七「西国筋にては庄屋を別当といふ所もあり」⑯ あるじ。亭主。※滑稽本・続膝栗毛（1810‐22）二「身どもに対して失礼ぢゃなかばいか。別当(ベッタウ)（〈注〉テイシュ）よべ」