Bragg

Japanese: ブラッグ
Bragg

British physicist. Son of WH Bragg. Initially studied at the University of Adelaide in Australia, where his father was a professor, and then went to England with his father, who became a professor at the University of Leeds in 1909, to study at Cambridge University. After graduating, while working as a research student at the Cavendish Laboratory in the autumn of 1912, he learned about MTF von Laue's photographs and realized that radiation is diffracted by parallel planes within a crystal. His joint research with his father on crystal structure using X-rays lasted for two years, discovering the Bragg condition for X-ray reflection at crystal planes and elucidating the structures of nine types of crystals, including diamond, sodium chloride, fluorite, and calcite. The results of his research were compiled in 1915 in "X-Rays and Crystal Structure." For this achievement, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics together with his father in 1915. He became a professor at the University of Manchester in 1919, director of the National Physical Laboratory in 1937, and professor at Cambridge University and director of the Cavendish Laboratory from 1938 to 1953, playing a leading role in X-ray crystallography in the UK.

Bragg Bragg
Bragg, William Henry

British physicist. He studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge, and passed the Mathematical Tripos (honours examination) with first class honors in 1885, earning a degree with honours. After serving as professor at the University of Adelaide in Australia (1885-1909), the University of Leeds in the UK (1909-1915), and University College London (1915-1923), he became a professor at the Royal Institution in 1923 and became director of the Davy-Faraday Laboratory. Together with his son WL Bragg, he derived the Bragg condition for X-ray diffraction (1912) and invented the X-ray spectrometer (1913), making him one of the founders of X-ray crystallography. For these research achievements, father and son were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915. His work during his time at Adelaide, the Bragg curve for alpha particles (1904-1907), is also famous.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

イギリスの物理学者.W.H. Bragg(ブラッグ)の息子.父が教授を務めていたオーストラリアのアデレード大学で当初学び,1909年イギリスのリーズ大学教授になった父とともにイギリスに行き,ケンブリッジ大学で学ぶ.卒業後,キャベンディッシュ研究所の研究生であった1912年の秋,M.T.F.von Laue(ラウエ)の写真のことを知り,放射線が結晶内の平行な面によって回折されることに気づく.父とのX線による結晶構造の共同研究は2年に及び,結晶面でのX線反射におけるブラッグ条件を見いだし,ダイヤモンド,塩化ナトリウム,蛍石,方解石など9種類の結晶構造を解明するなど,その研究の成果は1915年に“X線と結晶構造”にまとめられた.この業績により,1915年父とともにノーベル物理学賞を受賞.1919年マンチェスター大学教授,1937年国立物理学研究所所長,1938~1953年ケンブリッジ大学教授兼キャベンディッシュ研究所所長となり,イギリスにおけるX線結晶学の指導的な役割を果たした.

ブラッグ
ブラッグ
Bragg, William Henry

イギリスの物理学者.ケンブリッジ大学のトリニティ・カレッジで数学を学び,1885年数学トライポス(優等試験)を第一等級で合格し,優等学位を得る.オーストラリアのアデレード大学(1885~1909年),イギリスのリーズ大学 (1909~1915年),ロンドン大学ユニバーシティ・カレッジ(1915~1923年) の各教授を経て,1923年ロイヤル・インスティチューション教授に就任し,Davy-Faraday研究所所長となった.息子W.L. Bragg(ブラッグ)とともにX線回折に関するブラッグ条件を導き(1912年),X線分光器を考案する(1913年)など,X線結晶学の創始者の一人である.父子はこれらの研究業績により,1915年ノーベル物理学賞を受賞.アデレード時代の業績である,α粒子に関するブラッグ曲線(1904~1907年)も有名である.

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