A state in which one's physical and mental vitality is diminished due to a lack of the necessities of life. In the past, poverty was thought to be an inevitable social phenomenon resulting from natural disasters, bad government, personal laziness, etc. However, it is now considered a social problem that arises due to the economic structure of society, and it is the duty of society to relieve the poor and guarantee a minimum standard of living for the people. This idea is enshrined in the Constitution of Japan, and various social security systems have been developed. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
生活必需品が欠乏したために肉体的,精神的な生活力が減耗した状態。かつて貧困は天変地異,悪政,個人の怠惰などの結果,社会の必然的現象として現れるなどと考えられた。しかし,現在では社会の経済的機構ゆえに生じる社会的問題であり,貧困者を救済し国民の最低生活を保障することは社会の義務であると考えられている。この考え方は日本国憲法にもうたわれ,さまざまな社会保障制度が発達してきている。
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