A new farming method was improved by Zhao Guo, commander of the Suo Clan, in the final years of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (reigned 141-87 BC). The method entails digging three trenches, each 1 shaku wide and 240 bu long, one shaku apart, in a cultivated field (ridge) 6 shaku wide (1 shaku = 23 cm) and 240 bu long (1 bu = 6 shaku), and sowing and cultivating the land. The name "Dai-taho" comes from the fact that the trenches and the 1 shaku wide ridges that form between them are cultivated every year in rotation. This method is called the "ancient method of Houji," and traditionally, the land was cultivated using a treadmill, but Zhao Guo improved it into a full-fledged ox-plow farming method with a basic labor organization of two oxen and three people. [Shinichiro Watanabe] "Studies on the Chinese Economic History" by Sadao Nishijima (1966, University of Tokyo Press) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、前漢の武帝(在位前141~前87)の末年、捜粟都尉(そうぞくとい)の趙過(ちょうか)が改良した新農法。その方法は、広さ6尺(1尺=23センチメートル)、長さ240歩(1歩=6尺)の耕地(畝)に、広さ・深さともに1尺、長さ240歩の甽(みぞ)を1尺置きに3本つくり、播種(はしゅ)栽培するものであるが、この甽とその間にできる1尺幅の壟(うね)とを毎年交代させて耕作するところに代田法の名は由来する。この方法は「后稷(こうしょく)の古法」といわれ、従来は耜(ふみすき)によって耕作したのであるが、趙過がそれを2牛3人の基本的労働組織による本格的な牛犂(ぎゅうり)農法に改良したものである。 [渡辺信一郎] 『西嶋定生著『中国経済史研究』(1966・東京大学出版会)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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