Tokai Kaiun (Tokai Shipping) - Higashimawari Kaiun

Japanese: 東廻海運(東回海運) - ひがしまわりかいうん

This refers to shipping that departs from ports along the Sea of Japan coast, passes through the Tsugaru Strait into the Pacific Ocean, travels south along the coast of Honshu, and bypasses the Boso Peninsula to Edo; it is the opposite of westward shipping. Maritime transport from the Pacific coast of the Tohoku region to Edo began after the establishment of Edo. The first instance of this was at the end of the Keicho era (1596-1615), when rice stored in the Morioka domain was shipped from the Sanriku coast to Edo, probably as military provisions for the Nanbu clan in preparation for the Siege of Osaka. During the Genna era (1615-24), rice stored in the Morioka domain and other items began to be transported regularly from Sanriku ports to Edo.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

日本海沿岸の港を出帆し，津軽海峡を経て太平洋に出て本州沿いを南下し，房総半島を迂回して江戸に至る海運のことで，西廻海運に対する。東北地方の太平洋沿岸から江戸方面への海上輸送は江戸開府以後に始まる。慶長(1596‐1615)末年，盛岡藩の蔵米が三陸沿岸から江戸に廻漕されたのが初見で，おそらく大坂の陣に備えての南部氏の兵糧米の輸送であった。元和期(1615‐24)に入ると盛岡藩の蔵米などが三陸諸港から江戸に恒常的に輸送されるようになった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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