This law describes the magnetic field generated by a steady electric current. It was discovered in 1820 by JB Biot and F. Savard of France based on quantitative experiments. The magnitude of the magnetic field H generated at point P by a current I flowing through a conductor is given by the sum of the contributions d H from infinitesimal parts of the current Id s , and can be expressed as follows: r is the distance from the infinitesimal circuit element ds to P, and θ is the angle between ds and r . The direction of the magnetic field is the direction of rotation of a right-handed screw when turned in the direction of the current. In addition to Biot-Savart's law, there is also Ampere's law for the magnetic field created by electric current, and one can be derived from the other. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
定常電流がつくる磁場についての法則。 1820年フランスの J. B.ビオと F.サバールが定量的な実験をもとにして,見出した。導線を流れる電流 I が点Pにつくる磁場 H の大きさは,電流の微小部分 Ids からの寄与 dH の総和で与えられ,次のように表わされる。 r は回路の微小要素 ds からPまでの距離で,θ は ds と r とのなす角。磁場の向きは電流の進む向きに右ねじを回すときのねじの回転方向になる。電流がつくる磁場については,ビオ=サバールの法則のほかにアンペールの法則もあるが,いずれか一方より他方が導かれる。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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