Banto - Banto

Japanese: 番頭 - ばんとう

〘Noun〙 (formerly also called "bando")① After Emperor Uda became a monk, he was given the title of a temporary attendant in the Imperial Court and a judge-in-dai (deputy judge). ※Nishinomiya-ki (around 969) 16 "After the retired emperor escaped, <omitted> _two attendants became fifth-rank _kuranojin and _two judge-in- _{dai (deputy judge)} , <omitted> when Teiko-in became a monk, the attendants and judge-in _-dai (deputy judge) were called _{the second} head of the guard."② A powerful headman who represented the guards within a manor. Due to the need to collect taxes and official duties, manor lords divided the manor into guards and appointed powerful headmen within each guard as guards to manage and control the manors (guardians). Some were also contracted to collect taxes. ※Katsuo-ji Temple Documents - July 10, 1250 (Kencho 2), Catalogue of Important _Documents of Katsuo-ji Temple "For later generations, Kame-kagami, _additional signature of _{the second} head of the guard, as per the note" ③ The duty of guarding and protecting the palace, Imperial court, etc. Also, the head of such guards. Head of the samurai guards. Head of the guard post. ※Azuma Kagami - June 17, 1244 (Kangen 2), "Bantou Jokuro Yasumori" ④ An attendant for the middle lady. ※Meitoku 2nd Year, Muromachi Palace, Kasuga Pilgrimage Record (1391), "Four sides carrying strongmen (three hands, 18 people), eight head of the guards" ⑤ (━suru) To keep watch. To guard closely. ※Kabuki, Iruma Kotoba Daimyo Kengi (1792), 4th Act, "Guards (Bantou) without compromising day and night" ⑥ The head in charge of the affairs of the temple. ⑦ The head of a merchant's staff, in charge of all aspects of the store. Usually, a person who starts as an apprentice, becomes a clerk after coming of age , and is appointed after serving as a clerk for a long time. It can also mean simply the head of the store, but in many cases it is the title of a person who is delegated certain matters related to the business on behalf of the store owner, and especially in Osaka, they often held a higher position than the owner. Banto. *Ukiyo-zoshi, Seken-teyo-kishitsu (1730), 3 "In that house, he was revered as the head clerk (Bantau) " ⑧ The bath attendant who works at the front desk of a bathhouse. Later, it came to mean sansuke, or more broadly, a servant at the bathhouse. *Kakuhon, Measles Gigen (1803), Sending Measles God's Letter "The bathhouse's head clerk (Bantou) should be constantly sleeping more and more" ⑨ An abbreviation of "Bantou Shinzo (Newly-appointed clerk)". ※Miscellaneous haiku, Yanagi Taru-hachi (1773) "For a courtesan, the name of a 'Bantou' is too formal" ⑩ The person in charge of accounting and negotiations with the outside world under an entertainer. Also, the person who governs the person's personal affairs. ※Edo Hanjō-ki (1832-36) First "Two keijin (two bankers) protect their hair with their brushes as their hairpins"

Bangashira [Clerk]

〘 noun 〙① A person in charge among the members of a ban. Banto. [Bunmeihon Setsuyoshu (Muromachi period)]② Refers to the head clerk, shoin clerk, page clerk, new clerk, etc. of the Edo Shogunate. → Banshu② (ho). ※Shugiwasho (around 1676) 8 "Those who were clerks and had their own positions should be called upper samurai."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (古くは「ばんどう」とも)① 宇多天皇出家後、一時、院の庁の侍者、判官代を称した名称。※西宮記（969頃）一六「上皇脱屣之後〈略〉五位蔵人為_二侍者_一、六位蔵人為_二判官代_一〈略〉亭子院出家時、侍者・判官代称_二番頭_一」② 荘園内での番を代表した有力名主。荘園領主は年貢・公事徴収の必要上、荘園を番に分け、各番内の有力名主を番頭として荘民（番子）を管理統制させた。年貢の徴収を請負う者もいた。※勝尾寺文書‐建長二年（1250）七月一〇日・勝尾寺重書目録「為後代亀鏡、加_二番頭之連署_一、注置之状如_レ件」③ 殿中、宮中などの見張り・警護の役。また、その長。武家の番衆のかしら。見付番のかしら。※吾妻鏡‐寛元二年（1244）六月一七日「番頭城九郎泰盛」④ 中臈の随身。※明徳二年室町殿春日詣記（1391）「四方輿御力者〈三手十八人〉番頭八人」⑤ (━する) 見張りをすること。厳重に警護すること。※歌舞伎・入間詞大名賢儀（1792）四段「油断なく昼夜の番頭(バントウ)」⑥ 寺の事務をつかさどる長。⑦ 商家の雇人のかしらで、店の万事を預かるもの。普通、丁稚(でっち)から勤めあげ、元服して手代となり、手代を勤めあげた者がなる。単なる店番のかしらという意味にも用いられるが、多くは営業に関するある事項を店主にかわって委任された者の称で、特に大坂などではしばしば主人よりは上の地位にあった。伴頭。※浮世草子・世間手代気質（1730）三「其家にて番頭(バンタウ)とあがめられ」⑧ 湯屋で番台にいる湯番。後には、三助、また、広く湯屋の下男の意にもいった。※滑稽本・麻疹戯言（1803）送麻疹神表「湯屋の管長(バントウ)は、常の居眠に増を加へ」⑨ 「ばんとうしんぞう（番頭新造）」の略。※雑俳・柳多留‐八（1773）「傾城にばん頭の名は堅すぎる」⑩ 芸人のもとにあって、会計や外部との交渉などをつかさどるもの。また、その身のまわりを宰領するもの。※江戸繁昌記（1832‐36）初「計人(バントウ)二位(ふたり)、筆を簪して薄を守る」