Japanese snowbell - Japanese snowbell

Japanese: エゴノキ - えごのき
Japanese snowbell - Japanese snowbell

A deciduous tree of the Styrax family (APG classification: Styrax family). The bark is dark gray and smooth. The leaves are alternate, ovate, 4-6 cm long, and have low serrated edges. The white flowers open downward in May and June. The corolla is about 2.5 cm in diameter, deeply divided into 5 lobes, and has 10 stamens. The fruit is egg-shaped, about 1 cm long, hard, and densely covered with gray-white star-shaped hairs. It ripens in September, and breaks irregularly to reveal a single brown seed. It grows from southwestern Hokkaido to Okinawa, and is distributed in the mountains and fields of Korea, China, and the Philippines. The variety, Ooba-Egonoki, has large leaves and is distributed south of Izu. The pericarp contains ego saponin and is used for washing, but is poisonous. The seeds are rich in fatty oils and are eaten by the varied tit. The wood is used to make toys, shogi pieces, and combs. The ends of the branches have grayish-white galls called egononekoashi. In the Man'yoshu, it appears under the name yamachisa. There are about 130 species of egonoki distributed in North America, Asia, and Europe.

[Yoshio Kobayashi April 16, 2021]

Snowbell, White-leafed snowbell [Tree shape]
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Snowbell, White-leafed snowbell [Tree shape]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

エゴノキ科(APG分類:エゴノキ科)の落葉小高木。樹皮は暗灰色で滑らか。葉は互生し、卵形、長さ4~6センチメートルで、縁(へり)に低い鋸歯(きょし)がある。5~6月に白花が下向きに開く。花冠は径約2.5センチメートルで深く5裂し、雄しべは10本。果実は卵状楕円(だえん)形、長さ約1センチメートルで堅く、灰白色の星状毛を密布する。9月に熟し、不規則に破れて褐色の種子が1個出る。北海道南西部から沖縄に生育し、朝鮮、中国、フィリピンの山野に分布する。変種のオオバエゴノキは葉が大きく、伊豆以南に分布する。果皮はエゴサポニンを含み、洗濯用にするが、有毒である。種子は脂肪油が多くヤマガラが好んで食べる。材は玩具(がんぐ)、将棋の駒(こま)、櫛(くし)にする。枝先にエゴノネコアシとよぶ灰白色の虫こぶがつく。『万葉集』には山萵苣(やまちさ)の名で出てくる。エゴノキ属は約130種が北アメリカ、アジア、ヨーロッパに分布する。

[小林義雄 2021年4月16日]

エゴノキ、ハクウンボク〔樹形〕
©藤島淳三">

エゴノキ、ハクウンボク〔樹形〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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