Hamuro family - Hamuro-ke

The Fujiwara clan is a noble family descended from the Kanjuji lineage, whose ancestor was Takafuji, Minister of the Interior, of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, and the first head was Gonchuunagon Hamuro Akitaka. Takafuji's seventh grandson, Hamuro Tamefusa, served Emperor Gosanjo and Emperor Shirakawa closely and restored the family's influence, and his second son, Akitaka, wielded great power as the executive chief of the Shirakawa-in Imperial Court, surpassing his elder brother Tametaka to become the legitimate head of the family. Akitaka's son, Hamuro Akiyori, also played an active role as a powerful vassal of Emperor Toba, and this Hamuro Mitsuyori was praised as a great and powerful minister under the Goshirakawa cloister. However, his family later split into two branches, Hamuro Mitsumasa (1149-1200) and Hamuro Muneyori (1154-1203). The Mitsumasa lineage was in decline after Mitsumasa's son Hamuro Mitsuchika (1176-1221) was executed as a strategist for Emperor Gotoba during the Jōkyū War, and his descendants served the Southern Court. However, Muneyori served both Emperor Goshirakawa and Emperor Gotoba, and formed a friendship with the powerful vassal Minamoto Michichika, strengthening his family's influence. His descendants continued to hold the rank of nobleman, first as Dai and Chunagon, until the end of the Edo period. The family name comes from Mitsuyori's business in Hamuro, Kadono-gun, Yamashiro Province (Yamada, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto City), and the family was considered a distinguished family during the Edo period. The family was granted the title of count under the Meiji Peerage Act.

[Yoshihiko Hashimoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

藤原氏北家(ほっけ)の内大臣高藤(たかふじ)を始祖とする勧修寺(かじゅうじ)流より出た公家(くげ)で、権中納言(ごんちゅうなごん)葉室顕隆(はむろあきたか)を初代とする。高藤7代の孫葉室為房(はむろためふさ)が後三条・白河両天皇に近仕して家勢を再興、その次男顕隆は白河院執行別当(しぎょうべっとう)として権勢を振るい、兄為隆(ためたか)をしのいで嫡家の観を呈した。顕隆の息葉室顕頼(はむろあきより)も鳥羽(とば)院の権臣として活躍し、その息葉室光頼は後白河院政下の大剛(だいごう)の名臣とうたわれたが、その後は葉室光雅(はむろみつまさ)（1149―1200）・葉室宗頼(はむろむねより)（1154―1203）の2流に分かれた。その光雅流は、光雅の息葉室光親(はむろみつちか)（1176―1221）が承久(じょうきゅう)の乱に際して後鳥羽院の謀臣として処刑され、さらにその子孫が南朝に仕えて衰退したのに対し、宗頼は後白河・後鳥羽両院に近仕し、権臣源通親(みちちか)とも親交を結んで家勢をおこし、子孫代々、大・中納言を先途とする公卿(くぎょう)の地位を継承して江戸時代末に及んだ。家名は光頼が山城国葛野郡(かどのぐん)葉室（京都市西京区山田）に別業(べつぎょう)を営んだのに由来し、江戸時代の家格は名家(めいか)。明治の華族令により伯爵を授けられた。

［橋本義彦］

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