A city in western Syria, capital of Hama Governorate. It is located on the Orontes River, about 140 km south-southwest of Aleppo. It is a historic city, and in 1000 BC, it prospered as the capital of the Aramaean Kingdom, rivaling Assyria. In 638, Muslims began to rule, and the Christian church became the Great Mosque. In the early 12th century, it was occupied by the Crusaders, followed by the Ayyubid and Mamluk dynasties. In the early 16th century, it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, and ruled for about 400 years. A huge waterwheel used for irrigation in the Middle Ages still remains, irrigating the famous gardens. There is a magnificent mosque built in the 12th century. It is a major agricultural distribution center, and the main crops are cotton, grains, fruits, and vegetables. Industries include woolen textiles, flour milling, leather, and cement. Population: 254,000 (1992 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
シリア西部にある都市で,ハマー県の県都。アレッポの南南西約 140km,オロンテス川沿岸に位置する。歴史の古い町で,前 1000年にはアラム人王国の首都としてアッシリアと対抗するほどに繁栄。 638年イスラム教徒が支配を開始し,キリスト教会は大モスクとなった。 12世紀初頭,十字軍に続いてアイユーブ朝,マムルーク朝が占領。 16世紀初頭オスマン帝国に征服され,以後約 400年間支配された。中世に灌漑に用いた巨大な水車が現存,有名な庭園を灌漑している。 12世紀に創建された壮麗なモスクがある。農業の一大集散地で,綿花,穀物,果物,野菜が主要農作物である。工業には,毛織物をはじめ繊維工業,製粉,皮革,セメントの各工業がある。人口 25万 4000 (1992推計) 。
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