Baba Sajuro - Baba Sajuro

Japanese: 馬場佐十郎 - ばばさじゅうろう

A Western scholar of the late Edo period. Born in Nagasaki. His real surname was Misutani, and he was raised by his eldest brother Baba Tamehachiro (1769-1838), a Dutch interpreter, and became his adopted son. His childhood name was Sennosuke, and he later changed it to Sadayoshi, with Sajuro being his nickname. His pen name was Shokufu, he went by the name Kokuri, and he used the Dutch name Abraham. He received training in Dutch as a Dutch interpreter, and further studied under Shizuki Tadao, and learned three languages, Dutch, French, and English, from the head of the Dutch trading post Hendrik Doeff (1777-1835) and others. When the Bureau for the Reconciliation of Foreign Books was established at the Astronomical Bureau in 1808 (Bunka 5), he was ordered to serve as a translator together with Otsuki Gentaku, and played an active role as a central figure in the translation of the French encyclopedia "Kosei Shinpen" by Noël Chomel (1633-1712). He studied Russian under Daikokuya Kodayu, and in 1813 he studied Russian together with Adachi Shinto (Sanai) from Golovnin, the captain of a Russian ship who was detained in Matsumae, and compiled the "Canon of Grammar of the Russian Language" from Golovnin's dictation. He translated the Russian book on vaccination, "Tonkahiketsu," and Golovnin's diary of internment into "Sōyaku Nihon Kiji." He also made business trips to Uraga in 1818 (Bunsei 1) and 1822, and received British ships. He also wrote "Taisei Shichikin Yakusetsu" (1854), which was published posthumously. He is buried at Soenji Temple (Suginami Ward, Tokyo), and the epitaph on his tombstone was written by Takahashi Kageyasu.

[Toshihiko Kikuchi]

"The Establishment and Development of Dutch Linguistics in the Edo Period by Tsutomu Sugimoto, 5 volumes (1976-1982, Waseda University Press)"

"New edition of Welfare and Welfare"
Description of the "Acacia" section of the vegetation. Edited by Chomel. Translated by Sajuro Baba, Gensai Otsuki, Yoan Udagawa, and others. Manuscript in the National Diet Library .

"New edition of Welfare and Welfare"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

江戸後期の洋学者。長崎の生まれ。本姓は三栖谷(みくりや)、オランダ通詞の長兄馬場為八郎（1769―1838）に養われ、その養嗣子(しし)となった。幼名を千之助、のちに貞由(さだよし)と改め、佐十郎は通称。字(あざな)は職夫、轂里(こくり)と号し、蘭名(らんめい)としてはAbrahamを用いた。オランダ通詞としてオランダ語の教育を受け、さらに志筑忠雄(しづきただお)に師事し、また商館長ドゥーフHendrik Doeff（1777―1835）らからは蘭・仏・英の3か国語を学んだ。1808年（文化5）天文方に蕃書和解御用(ばんしょわげごよう)の局が設けられると、大槻玄沢(おおつきげんたく)とともに訳員として出仕を命ぜられ、フランスのショメルNoël Chomel（1633―1712）の百科全書『厚生新編』の翻訳等に中心的人物として活躍した。大黒屋光太夫(だいこくやこうだゆう)についてロシア語を学び、さらに1813年、松前(まつまえ)に抑留中のロシア船船長ゴロウニンについて、足立信頭(あだちしんとう)（左内(さない)）とともにロシア語を学び、ゴロウニンの口述から『魯語(ろご)文法規範』をつくった。ロシア語から種痘に関する書『遁花秘訣(とんかひけつ)』、またゴロウニンの抑留日記を『遭厄日本紀事(そうやくにほんきじ)』として翻訳している。このほか、1818年（文政1）と1822年には浦賀に出張し、イギリス船との応接にあたった。死後出版された『泰西(たいせい)七金訳説』（1854刊）などもある。墓は宗延寺（東京都杉並区）にあり、墓碑銘は高橋景保(かげやす)の撰(せん)文である。

［菊池俊彦］

『杉本つとむ著『江戸時代蘭語学の成立とその展開』全5巻（1976～1982・早稲田大学出版部）』