A moderate branch of the Islamic heresy of Khawarijism. Its origins date back to around 684 in Basra, Iraq, when its founder, Ibn Ibad, broke away from the extremist Azraqi sect of Khawarijism. Unlike the Azraqis, the Ibadists considered Muslims who disagreed with them to be apostates and refused to wage jihad (holy war) against them. Their doctrine later spread during the late Umayyad and Abbasid periods, especially among the Berbers of North Africa. Today, the sect is only active in Oman, East Africa, the Tripoli region of Libya, and near Algeria. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イスラムの異端,ハワーリジ派の穏健な一分派。同派は 684年頃,イラクのバスラで,同派の開祖であるイブン・イバードが,ハワーリジ派内の過激派であるアズラク派と袂を分ったことに始る。イバード派は,アズラク派とは違って自派と意見を異にするムスリムを背教者とみなしてこれにジハード (聖戦) を敢行することを拒否した。のち彼らの教義はウマイヤ朝後期からアッバース朝時代にかけて,特に北アフリカのベルベル人の間に広まった。今日同派は,オマーン,東アフリカ,リビアのトリポリ地方,アルジェリア付近に勢力をもつにすぎない。
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