Nan Ning Wan (English spelling)

Japanese: 南泥湾 - なんでいわん（英語表記）Nán ní wān

Name of a place in the southern part of Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, China. During the War of Resistance against Japan, it was part of the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border District, the center of the anti-Japanese base. In 1941-42, the anti-Japanese base faced severe economic difficulties due to attacks by the Japanese army and blockade by the Kuomintang. In order to overcome these difficulties, the military and civilian mass production movement was launched in 1943. The 359th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army, led by Wang Zhen, transformed the barren Nanniwan area of northern Shaanxi into "Jiangnan of northern Shaanxi" within three years with a spirit of hard work, struggle and self-reliance, becoming a model for the mass production movement. The 359th Brigade was based on agriculture, but also engaged in handicrafts, industry, and commerce, creating something from nothing, turning the small into the big, producing what they needed themselves, and contributing to the war of resistance and supporting the lives of the military and civilians.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国，陝西省延安市南部の地名。抗日戦争中は抗日根拠地の中心，陝甘寧辺区に属していた。1941‐42年，抗日根拠地は日本軍の攻撃と国民党の封鎖を受けて厳しい経済的困難に直面，これを打ち破るため，43年から軍民大生産運動を展開した。王震の率いる八路軍第359旅団は陝北の荒地南泥湾を，刻苦奮闘･自力更生の精神で3年の内に〈陝北の江南〉に変え，大生産運動の模範となった。第359旅団は農業を基本として手工業，工業，商業も行い，無から有をつくり，小を大に変え，みずから必要とするものをみずから生産し，さらに抗戦と軍民の生活を支えることに貢献した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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