Nanchong - Nanjing

A prefecture-level city in central-eastern Sichuan Province, China. It is located on the west bank of the Jialing River, a tributary of the Yangtze River. It has jurisdiction over three city districts and five counties, and acts as the acting governor of one county-level city (as of 2016). Its population is 7.59 million (2014), second only to Chengdu in the province. The city area was the site of Nanchong County since the Sui Dynasty, and the county district was separated in 1950 to establish the city. It has been the center of Shunchong Prefecture since the Song Dynasty, and is also known as Shunchong. It is a transportation and commercial hub with a highway to Chengdu in the west and Wanzhou in the east, and water transport on the Jialing River to Chongqing, and Nanchong Gaoping Airport was opened in 2004. It is also known for the production of yellow raw silk, the raw material for Shujiang Brocade, by the sericulture in the surrounding area. In addition to machinery and food industries, the city is also home to the oil industry, which was established in 1958 due to the oil fields in the central Sichuan Basin. It is also known as the birthplace of Chen Shou (233-297), the compiler of the Records of the Three Kingdoms, and Zhu De.

[Kikuo Ono, Editorial Department, August 21, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、四川(しせん)省中東部の地級市。揚子江(ようすこう)支流の嘉陵江(かりょうこう)西岸に位置する。3市轄区、5県を管轄し、1県級市の管轄代行を行う（2016年時点）。人口は759万（2014）で、省内では成都(せいと)に次ぐ。市域は、隋(ずい)代以降の南充県の地で、1950年県城地区を分離して市を置いた。宋(そう)代からは順慶(じゅんけい)府の中心地で、順慶の別称がある。西の成都と東の万州(ばんしゅう)への自動車道や重慶(じゅうけい)への嘉陵江水運など交通・商業要地で、2004年には南充高坪(こうへい)空港が開港した。周辺の養蚕による蜀江錦(しょっこうきん)の原料である黄色生糸の生産でも知られる。また、機械、食品工業のほか、1958年発見の四川盆地中部油田による石油工業が立地する。『三国志』の撰者(せんじゃ)である陳寿(ちんじゅ)（233―297）や、朱徳(しゅとく)の生地としても知られる。

［小野菊雄・編集部　2017年8月21日］

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