When the ovary develops into a fruit, this refers to the ovary wall, or carpel. It therefore contains seeds and functions to protect the seeds, disperse them, and spread them through predation by animals. Generally, the pericarp is divided into three layers, the outer, middle, and inner, and the state of development varies considerably depending on the fruit. The exocarp covers the surface of the fruit and, like normal epidermal tissue, may have appendages such as stomata and hairs. The mesocarp is a multi-layered soft tissue that is particularly well developed in berries. The endocarp is the inner wall of the ovary, and in the case of peaches and plums, this part becomes stone cell tissue, forming a stone fruit (drupe). In fruits such as mandarins, the cells of this endocarp become sac-shaped, storing liquid and filling the ovary chamber. [Osamu Yoshida] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
子房が発達して果実になるとき、子房壁、すなわち心皮(しんぴ)の部分をいう。したがって中に種子を含み、種子の保護、種子の散布、動物による捕食などによって種子が散布される働きをする。一般に果皮は外(がい)、中(ちゅう)、内(ない)の3層に区別され、その発達の状態は果実によりかなり違いがある。外果皮は果実の表面を覆い、普通の表皮組織のように、気孔や毛のような付属物をもつことがある。中果皮は多層の柔組織で、液果のような場合にはとくによく発達する。内果皮は子房の内壁で、モモ、ウメの場合には、ここの部分が石(せき)細胞の組織となり、石果(せきか)(核果(かくか))をつくる。ミカンなどの果実ではこの内果皮の部分の細胞が袋状になり、ここに液を蓄え、子房室を満たしている。 [吉田 治] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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