A genus of the Fagaceae family (illustration) that bears fruit similar to that of beech. It is found in the Southern Hemisphere, from tropical mountainous regions (and occasionally lowlands) to the subarctic zone, and a wide variety of species have evolved in a wide variety of environments, from evergreen to deciduous, and from tall trees to dwarf trees. The leaves are alternate, with shield-shaped stipules. They are monoecious or heteroecious. Male flowers are solitary in the leaf axils, or form small inflorescences with many stamens enclosed in a perianth. Female flowers are clustered in leaf axils in groups of 1 to 3, and the whole is enclosed in a cupule. The fruits are nuts, which can be triangular like beech, or flat or lenticular. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ブナによく似た実をつけるブナ科の1属(イラスト)。南半球の熱帯の山地(まれに低地)から亜寒帯まで分布し,きわめて多様な環境に,常緑から落葉,高木から矮性(わいせい)木と多様な種が分化している。葉は互生し,楯状につく托葉がある。雌雄同株または異株。雄花は葉腋(ようえき)に単生するか,小さい花序をなし,花被に包まれた多数のおしべを有する。雌花は葉腋に1~3花が集まってつき,全体が殻斗に包まれる。果実は堅果で,ブナのような三角のものと扁平またはレンズ状のものとがある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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