Older - Toshima

Japanese: 年増 - としま

[1] 〘 noun 〙 A woman who is past the prime of her youth and has grown a little older. In the Edo period, a woman around 20 years old was called an older woman, 23-30 years old was called a middle-aged woman, and anyone older than that was called an older woman. ※Storybook: Kareguchi Gozen Otoko (1703) 4 “This is a big older woman.” ※Shukuzu (1941) by Tokuda Shusei, “The flow of time” “In this world, if you are 22-3 years old, you are already considered an older woman.”[2] Kabuki Shosakuto. Tokiwazu. Written by Sakurada Jisuke III. Music by Kishizawa Shikisa V. Choreography by Fujima Kanjuro III . First performed in 1839 at the Edo Nakamuraza. One of the “Hanagoyomi Iro no Showake” (Eight Scenes of Edo) by Nakamura Utaemon IV. In Mukojima, a concubine (mekake) dances in a drunken guise after getting out of a palanquin. [Additional notes] (1) Based on "Toshimashi" and "Toshimasari," which simply mean older. These came to be used in brothels to refer to prostitutes past their prime, and became established as "Toshima." In the brothels, in the strict sense, it is thought to refer to those around 24 or 25 years old.
(2) There are also examples where it is used to describe boys, such as “An older woman named Toshima came crawling in” (Hyakkien Essays – First Class Car).

Toshi-masari [older woman]

〘noun〙① To be older. Older. Aged. ※Ukiyo-zoshi, Kohaku Genji Monogatari (1709), vol. 2 "Hikari-kun has turned 28 this year, and his age is far from 22." ② To be older than his age. Aged. [Nippo Jisho (1603-04)] ③ To celebrate an unlucky year by giving gifts to others to ward off bad luck. ※Goyudono Jounal - Bunmei 10 (1478), September 21 (heading) "Gotoshimasari no kachin osumoshi yori mairu"

Tosi-mash [older]

〘Noun〙① = toshimasari (older in years)①※Santai Shi Sokakusho (1622) 1. "He's older than me, so he's called my cousin."② = toshimasari (older in years)②〔Nippo Jisho (1603-04)〕③ To grow older every year. ※Hi no Hashira (1904)〈Kinoshita Naoe〉2. "The world will get worse as you get older ."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

[1] 〘名〙娘盛りを過ぎて、やや年をとった女性。江戸時代では二〇歳前後を年増、二三、四歳から三〇歳までを中年増、それより上を大年増といった。※咄本・軽口御前男（1703）四「是は大きなとしまじゃ」※縮図（1941）〈徳田秋声〉時の流れ「この世界では、二十二三ともなれば、それはもう年増の部類で」[2] 歌舞伎所作事。常磐津。三世桜田治助作。五世岸沢式佐作曲。三世藤間勘十郎振付。天保一〇年（一八三九）江戸中村座初演。四世中村歌右衛門の江戸八景の変化舞踊「花翫暦色所八景(はなごよみいろのしょわけ)」の一つ。向島で、かごから出たいきな妾(めかけ)がほろ酔い機嫌で踊る。[補注](1)単に年上という意味の「としまし」「としまさり」に基づく。これらが、遊廓で盛りを過ぎた遊女に対して用いられるようになって、「としま」として定着した。遊廓では、狭義には二四、五歳あたりからを指すと思われる。
(2)「年増(トシマ)のボイが這入って来て」〔百鬼園随筆‐一等車〕のように男子に用いている例もある。

とし‐まさり【年増】

〘名〙① 年長であること。年上。年増し。※浮世草子・紅白源氏物語（1709）二「光君は今年二八にならせ給、あふひの上は二十二さいよっぽどのとしまさり」② 年齢よりふけていること。年まし。〔日葡辞書（1603‐04）〕③ 厄年にあたる時、厄を払うために人に物を贈って祝うこと。※御湯殿上日記‐文明一〇年（1478）九月二一日（頭書）「御としまさりのかちん大すもしよりまいる」

とし‐まし【年増】

〘名〙① ＝としまさり（年増）①※三体詩素隠抄（1622）一「我より年(とシ)ましを、従兄と云ぞ」② ＝としまさり（年増）②〔日葡辞書（1603‐04）〕③ 年々程度がまして行くこと。※火の柱（1904）〈木下尚江〉二「年増(トシマ)しに世の中がひどくなるよ」

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Older - Toshima

Toshi-masari [older woman]

Tosi-mash [older]

とし‐まさり【年増】

とし‐まし【年増】

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