City banks and regional banks

Japanese: 都市銀行･地方銀行 - としぎんこうちほうぎんこう

Ordinary banks (ordinary banks and special banks) are divided into city banks and regional banks (abbreviated as shigin and chigin, respectively). In September 1936, the National Regional Banks Association was established, and in its statement of purpose it was clearly stated for the first time that regional banks were small to medium-sized banks other than syndicated banks (large banks such as Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Yasuda, Daiichi, and Sumitomo), and the concept of regional banks became widespread. With the revision of the Bank of Japan Act in June 1949, the terms "large city banks" and "regional banks" were used in legal terms for the first time. Then, around 1955, the term "city banks" became widespread and became idiomatic.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

普通銀行(普通銀行･特殊銀行)は都市銀行と地方銀行(それぞれ都銀，地銀と略称される)に分けられる。1936年9月全国地方銀行協会が設立され，その結成趣旨書で，はじめて地方銀行とはシンジケート銀行団(三井，三菱，安田，第一，住友などの大銀行)以外の中小銀行であると明示され，地方銀行の概念が一般化した。49年6月〈日本銀行法〉の改正で，法制上はじめて〈大都市銀行〉〈地方銀行〉の呼称が使用された。そして，55年ごろから〈都市銀行〉という名称が一般化し，慣用語化した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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