avatara (English spelling)

Japanese: avatāra（英語表記）avatara

…This Garuda is said to eat a snake (dragon) to take revenge on the snake tribe that enslaved his mother. In the Puranas, the myth of Vishnu's incarnations (avatāra) was established. There are various theories about the types and number of incarnations, and they are not necessarily consistent, but the most common are the ten incarnations: boar (Baraha), man-lion (Nrīsimha), turtle (Kūrma), dwarf (Bāmana), fish (Matsya), Rama, Paraśurāma, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki. …

From [Krishna]

...Hindu god. One of the incarnations (avatars) of Vishnu, he is a heroic god who, along with Prince Rama, has been loved by the Indian people. Krishna is considered to have been a real person who lived before the 7th century BCE, and is said to have been born to the Vrishni tribe, a part of the nomadic Yadava people.

From [Vishnu]

…Brahma is said to have emerged from the lotus flower that grew from his navel. Vishnu is said to have incarnated in various ways (avatāra) to save living beings from the torment of demons. There are various theories about the types and number of incarnations, but the most famous are the ten incarnations: boar, lion-man (nrīsimha), turtle, dwarf, fish, Rama, Parashurama, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki. …

From the Vaishnavite sect

...This is where the Bhagavata sect was established as a major branch of Hinduism. In this sect, the avatar (or incarnation) of Vishnu is emphasized.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "avatāra" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このガルダは，母を奴隷にした蛇族に復讐するため，蛇(竜)を食べるとされる。プラーナ文献において，ビシュヌの化身(アバターラavatāra)神話が整備された。化身の種類と数については種々の説があり，必ずしも一定しないが，特に，猪(バラーハ)，人獅子(ヌリシンハ)，亀(クールマ)，侏儒(バーマナ)，魚(マツヤ)，ラーマ，パラシュラーマParaśurāma，クリシュナ，ブッダ，カルキKalkiの10種の化身が最も一般的である。…

【クリシュナ】より

…ヒンドゥー教の神。ビシュヌ神の化身(アバターラavatāra)の一人で，ラーマ王子とともにインドの民衆にこよなく愛され続けてきた英雄神である。クリシュナは前7世紀以前に実在した人物であるとみなされ，遊牧に従事していたヤーダバ族Yādavaの一部ブリシュニ族に生まれたという。…

【ビシュヌ】より

…ブラフマーはそのへそに生えた蓮花から現れたといわれる。ビシュヌは種々に化身(アバターラavatāra)して，悪魔に苦しめられる生類を救うとされる。化身の種類と数についてはさまざまな説があるが，なかでも，猪，人獅子(ヌリシンハ)，亀，侏儒，魚，ラーマ，パラシュラーマ，クリシュナ，仏陀，カルキの10化身が有名である。…