An unknown function that satisfies a given differential equation. In the equation of motion, which is a second-order ordinary differential equation, if the position and velocity of a mass point at any time are given, then a single solution to the equation of motion is determined, and the motion before and after that is also determined. In this case, the conditions given to the position and velocity of a mass point at any time are called initial conditions. In general, for an n- th order ordinary differential equation, if the values of an unknown function and its derivatives up to the ( n -1)th order at any time are given as initial conditions, then a single solution is determined. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
微分方程式が与えられたとき,これを満足する未知関数。2階常微分方程式である運動方程式では,任意の時刻における質点の位置と速度の値を与えると,運動方程式の解はただ1つ定まり,その前後の運動が定まる。この場合,任意の時刻における質点の位置と速度に与えた条件を初期条件という。一般に n 階常微分方程式に対しては,初期条件として任意のある時刻における未知関数および (n-1) 階までの導関数の値を与えると,解はただ1つ定まる。
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