There is a set of true propositions, the hypotheses of which cover all possible cases for a given matter, and their conclusions are independent of each other (two or more things cannot be true at the same time). In this case, the converses of the set of propositions are all true. A method of proof based on this principle is called the method of transposition. For example, in △ABC, (1) if AB>AC, then ∠C>∠B, (2) if AB=AC, then ∠C=∠B, (3) if AB<AC, then ∠C<∠B. Here, the hypotheses (1), (2), and (3) cover all cases where the two sides of a triangle, AB and AC, are in a larger or smaller relationship, and none of the three conclusions can be true at the same time. Therefore, it can be said that the converses of these theorems are all true. In other words, in △ABC, if ∠C>∠B, then AB>AC, if ∠C=∠B, then AB=AC, and if ∠C<∠B, then AB<AC. [Rei Koto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一群の真である命題があって、これらの命題の仮設はある事柄についておこりうるすべての場合を尽くし、かつ、それらの結論は互いに独立である(二つ以上のことが同時に成り立つことはない)とする。このとき、これらの一群の命題の逆はすべて真であるといえる。この原理に基づいて行う証明法を転換法という。 たとえば、△ABCにおいて、(1)AB>ACならば∠C>∠B(2)AB=ACならば∠C=∠B(3)AB<ACならば∠C<∠Bである。 ここで、(1)、(2)、(3)の仮設は、三角形の二辺、ABとACの大小関係のすべての場合を尽くしており、三つの結論のうちどの二つも同時に成り立つことはない。したがって、これらの定理の逆はすべて成り立つといえる。つまり、△ABCにおいて∠C>∠BならばAB>AC、∠C=∠BならばAB=AC、∠C<∠BならばAB<ACである。 [古藤 怜] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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