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Kabuki play. Historical piece. One act. One of the "Kabuki Juhachiban." When a villainous nobleman orders his servants to kill the good guys, the hero, a superhuman hero, appears, shouting "Shibaraku" (wait a moment), and toying with the bad guys to save the good guys. The hero, wearing a wig with horns and a red sujikuma (eyeshadow), a long plain robe in persimmon color, and a large sword, delivers a long speech of celebratory nature called "Tsurane" on the hanamichi (walkway), and shows typical "aragoto" (rough play) performances from beginning to end. The main villain is a kugeaku (bad nobleman) commonly known as "uke", his subordinates are dressed to show their bellies, commonly known as "haradashi" or "naka-uke", and the good guys, the young lord, princess and elder retainer who are about to be killed, are called "tachishita", respectively. The roles of the other characters are also mostly fixed. The main character makes an impressive entrance by saying "Shibaraku" (wait a little while), and this has become the common name for the role, the directing style and even the scene. It is said that the first one was "Daifukucho Asahina Hyaku Monogatari" performed by Ichikawa Danjūrō ​​I in 1692 (Genroku 5), but the only surviving kyogen book that gives a sense of the content is "Sankai Nagoya" from 1697. This style was continued by Danjūrō ​​II, and it became the family art of the Ichikawa family, and was always included in the first act (the third act) of the Kaomise Kyogen performance in November every year. Although a new script was written each time, the outline was passed down to later generations as a set. After the Meiji period, it was performed as an independent act, and the current standard script was completed when Danjūrō ​​IX performed it in 1895 (Meiji 28). In recent years, the names of the characters have been fixed, with the leading role being Kamakura Gongorō Kagemasa and the uke being Kiyohara Takehira. There is a variation, Onna Shibaraku, performed by a female actor, which was started by Arashi Koroku in 1746 (Enkyō 3).

[Toshiaki Matsui]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

歌舞伎(かぶき)劇。時代物。1幕。「歌舞伎十八番」の一つ。公卿(くげ)の悪人が家来に命じて善人たちを殺そうとするとき、超人的な豪傑の主人公が「しばらく」と大声かけて登場、悪人どもを翻弄(ほんろう)して善人たちを救う。主人公は角前髪(すみまえがみ)の鬘(かつら)に紅の筋隈(すじくま)、柿(かき)色の長素袍(ながすおう)、大太刀(おおたち)という扮装(ふんそう)で、花道で「つらね」とよぶ祝言的な長台詞(ながぜりふ)を述べるのをはじめ、終始「荒事(あらごと)」の典型をみせる。敵役(かたきやく)の中心は公卿悪(くげあく)といわれる役柄で、通称「ウケ」、手下の家来たちは大きく腹を出した扮装なので、俗に「腹出し」または「中(なか)ウケ」、斬(き)られそうになる善人側の若殿・姫・家老らは「太刀下(たちした)」とそれぞれよばれ、その他の登場人物も役柄はほぼ定まっている。主役が「しばらく」と声をかけて登場するのが印象的で、役と演出様式、さらには場面の通称として定着したもの。その最初は初世市川団十郎が1692年（元禄5）に演じた『大福帳朝比奈百物語(だいふくちょうあさひなひゃくものがたり)』といわれるが、現存の狂言本で内容がつかめるのは1697年の『参会名護屋(さんかいなごや)』。この様式は2世団十郎も踏襲、以来市川家の家の芸となり、毎年11月の顔見世狂言の一番目三建目(みたてめ)（序幕）にかならず入れられ、台本はそのつど新作されたが、大筋は決まったものとして後世に伝わった。明治以後は独立した一幕として上演され、1895年（明治28）9世団十郎が演じたとき、現在の脚本の定型が完成、近年は役名も主役が鎌倉権五郎景政(かまくらごんごろうかげまさ)、ウケが清原武衡(きよはらのたけひら)とほぼ決まっている。なお、変型として、女方(おんながた)が演じる『女暫』があるが、これは1746年（延享3）嵐小六(あらしころく)によって始められた。

［松井俊諭］

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