…Brothers who were leading British neoclassical architects and furniture designers. Their father was the famous Scottish architect William Adam (1689-1748). Their elder brother Robert Adam (1728-92) was born in Kirkcaldy, north of Edinburgh. … From [Chair]…In the late 18th century, chair legs changed from curved cabriole legs to straight tapered legs, and classical motifs were incorporated as decoration. In England, the classical architect Robert Adam introduced shield-shaped, oval-shaped, and heart-shaped designs for the backrests, and classical chairs with strict proportions became popular. In the early 19th century, Napoleon I's Empire style (Empire means "empire") chairs, which incorporated designs from ancient Rome, became popular. In England, this style was called the Regency style, which showed a light and airy Greek design, and in Germany and Austria, it was called the Biedermeier style, and it permeated the lives of ordinary citizens as a simple and functional style. … From [Georgian Style]…From the mid-18th century onwards, as the Rococo trend spread from the European continent, the Chinese style (Chinoiserie) and the Gothic style (Gothic Revival) also flourished. Thus, in the latter half of this period, designs that combined various styles such as Rococo, Chinese style, Gothic, and Greek became popular. The architect R. Adam created a neoclassical work that uniquely combined these trends, and it was named after him as the Adam style. Home House (now the Courtauld Institute) in London represents the pinnacle of this style. … From Chippendale…He used mahogany as a material for furniture, and invented chairs with elaborately carved ribbon patterns on the backrest design, and chairs named Chinese Chippendales, whose backrests were modeled after Chinese chair sets. From the 1970s, he produced elaborate neoclassical furniture using mahogany for Harewood House in Yorkshire and Osterley House on the outskirts of London, both designed by neoclassical architect Robert Adam (Adam Brothers). [Kagiwada Tsutomu] … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Adam, R." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…イギリス新古典主義の代表的建築家,家具デザイナーの兄弟。父はスコットランドの著名な建築家ウィリアム・アダムWilliam Adam(1689‐1748)。兄ロバートRobert Adam(1728‐92)はエジンバラの北のカーコーディ生れ。… 【いす(椅子)】より…18世紀後期になると,いすの脚は曲線のカブリオール脚から直線の先細り形に変わり,古典モティーフが装飾として採り入れられた。イギリスでは古典主義の建築家ロバート・アダムが背もたれに盾形・卵形・ハート形などの意匠を採り入れ,厳しい比例による古典様式のいすを流行させた。19世紀前期には古代ローマのデザインを採り入れたナポレオン1世のアンピール様式(アンピールは〈帝政〉の意)のいすが流行,この様式はイギリスではリージェンシー様式とよんで軽快なギリシア風のデザインを示し,ドイツ・オーストリアではビーダーマイヤー様式とよばれ,簡潔で機能性に富んだ形式として一般市民の生活に浸透した。… 【ジョージアン様式】より…18世紀中期以降,ヨーロッパ大陸のロココ趣味の波が及ぶと,それに付随した中国趣味(シノアズリー)や,ゴシック趣味(ゴシック・リバイバル)などもさかんに行われた。こうしてこの時代の後半にはロココ,中国趣味,ゴシック,ギリシアなどのさまざまの様式を折衷したデザインが流行することになるが,この傾向を個性的に総合した新古典主義的作品が建築家R.アダムによって実現し,その名をとってアダム様式と呼ばれた。ロンドンのホーム・ハウス(現,コートールド研究所)はその絶頂を示すものである。… 【チッペンデール】より…家具材料にマホガニーを取り入れ,精巧な彫刻でリボンの結び模様を背もたれの意匠に取り入れた椅子,中国の組椅子を背もたれの意匠としたチャイニーズ・チッペンデールと名づけられた椅子などを創案した。70年代からは新古典主義の建築家ロバート・アダム(アダム兄弟)が設計したヨークシャーのヘアウッド邸やロンドン郊外のオスタレー邸などに,マホガニーを用いた新古典様式による精巧な家具を製作した。【鍵和田 務】。… ※「アダム,R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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