Tereshkova (English spelling) Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova

Japanese: テレシコワ - てれしこわ(英語表記)Краткая биография Терешкова/Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova
Tereshkova (English spelling) Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova

Soviet cosmonaut. Born near Yaroslavl, Russian Republic. Graduated from Yaroslavl Spinning Technical School in 1960. While working at a textile factory, she went skydiving with a local aviation club, and was selected as an astronaut candidate in 1962. On June 16, 1963, she boarded the artificial satellite Vostok 6. As the world's first female astronaut, she orbited the Earth 48 times in about 71 hours. Her call sign, "I am a Seagull (Ya Chaika)," became famous.

After her space flight, she enrolled in Zhukovsky Air Force University, graduating with credits in astronautics in 1969. She received her doctorate in engineering in 1977. After working as a staff member at the Cosmonaut Training School, she served as chairperson of the Committee of Women of the USSR and chairperson of the Union of Associations for Friendship and Cultural Exchange with Foreign Countries. From 1966 to 1991, she served as a deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and a member of the Central Committee of the Party. She also ran in the 2011 Russian Duma elections, where she was elected, and returned to politics. Her significance in paving the way for female astronauts is great, leading to the success of Mukai Chiaki and others.

[Masashi Yamamoto February 16, 2017]

"50 Years of Space Development: From Sputnik to Hayabusa" by Shunichi Takebe (2007, Asahi Shimbun)

[Reference] | Vostok | Astronaut

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ソビエト連邦の宇宙飛行士。ロシア共和国ヤロスラブリ近郊に生まれる。1960年にヤロスラブリ紡績技術学校を卒業。織物工場に勤務していたころ、地元の航空クラブでスカイダイビングをしていたことをきっかけに、1962年に宇宙飛行士候補に選抜された。1963年6月16日、人工衛星「ボストーク(ウォストーク)6号」に搭乗。世界初の女性宇宙飛行士として、71時間ほどで地球を48周した。彼女のコールサインである「私はカモメ(ヤー・チャイカ)」は有名になった。

 宇宙飛行後はジュコフスキー空軍大学に入学し、1969年に宇宙工学の単位を得て卒業。1977年に工学で博士号を取得した。宇宙飛行士訓練学校職員を経て、ソ連婦人委員会議長、対外友好文化交流協会連盟議長などを務める。1966年から1991年までソ連邦最高会議代議員、党中央委員会委員を歴任。また、2011年のロシア下院選挙に出馬して当選し、政界に復帰した。向井千秋(むかいちあき)らの活躍につながる、女性宇宙飛行士への道を開いた意義は大きい。

[山本将史 2017年2月16日]

『武部俊一著『宇宙開発の50年――スプートニクからはやぶさまで』(2007・朝日新聞社)』

[参照項目] | ウォストーク | 宇宙飛行士

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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