corps

Japanese: corps
corps


[Social Structure]
The society of the Ancien Régime, which had its origin in the family, was covered by a web of various territorial and professional ties. Village communities and craft guilds are well-known examples, and each of these groups was given legal status and formed a "corps." The distinctive feature of the Ancien Régime society was that it was based on such a wide variety of social ties.

From [Body]

... The word corpus was introduced as a translation of the German word Körper. The French word is corps, which has the same meaning, but the English word is field.
[Identical type]
If there is a mapping f from a field K to a field L such that f ( a + b ) = f ( a ) + f ( b ), f ( ab ) = f ( a ) f ( b ), and f ( K ) = L , then f is said to be an isomorphism from K to L.

From [Class-Based Society]

…No matter how poor they were, citizens and peasants were recognized as subjects of their own rights, but the outcasts were not considered members of a class society. A class society, along with vertical human relationships of domination and subordination, inevitably involves the formation of corps (horizontal associations of rights between people of the same class), and in that sense it is sometimes called a “corporative society.” And in connection with this horizontal association of corps, the class society became linked to the “regionalisme” that characterized the Ancien Régime in Europe. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "corps" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[社会構造]
 家を起点とするアンシャン・レジーム社会は,さまざまな地縁的・職能的結合の網の目によって覆われていた。村落共同体や同職ギルドは,そのよく知られている例だが,これらの団体はそれぞれ法的地位を付与されて〈社団corps〉を形成する。このような多種多様な社団的結合に立脚しているところに,アンシャン・レジーム社会の特質があった。…

【体】より

… なお,体という語はドイツ語のKörperの訳語として導入されたものである。フランス語も同義のcorpsであるが,英語はfieldである。
[同型]
 体Kから体Lへの写像fがあって,f(ab)=f(a)+f(b),f(ab)=f(a)f(b),f(K)=Lであるとき,fKからLへの同型であるという。…

【身分制社会】より

…いかに貧しくとも,市民身分や農民身分に属する者は独自の権利の主体と認められたが,賤民階層は身分制社会のメンバーとは考えられなかったのである。 身分制社会は,支配・隷属という縦の人間関係とともに,同じ身分に属する権利仲間どうしの横の結合体としての社団corpsの形成を必然的に伴い,その意味では〈社団的社会société corporative〉と呼ばれることもある。そして,かかる横の社団的結合とのかかわりで,身分制社会はヨーロッパのアンシャン・レジームを特徴づける〈地域主義régionalisme〉と結びつくこととなった。…

※「corps」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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