Between

Japanese: 間 - あいだ

〘noun〙 [1] A part sandwiched between two things. ① A part that is spatially sandwiched between two things. The space between things. In the middle. Gaps. Gaps. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 11.2448 "The white jade leaves a gap between them, and if we tie them together we will meet again." ※Heike (early 13th century) 11 "Between the land and the island." ② A time that is sandwiched between two parts. A broken part in the continuity of time. Continuousness. An interval. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 15.3785 "Leave the cuckoo Ahida alone, when you sing, my heart will be filled with joy." ※Humor Book, Ukiyoburo (1809-13) 4 "When we meet, the bell rings with its heart ." ③ Relationships between people. Relationships between things. Relationships. Relationships. ※Shoki ( 720 ) Before the accession of Jinmu (Kitano Honin) "When I taught him, I saw that the heavens could not ignore the people 's actions ." ※Genji (around 1001-14) Kasugano "I was becoming uneasy about the affairs of the palace." ※Ekifu Nikki (1907)〈Shirayuki Shuko〉 12 "I am on very good terms with Soga of the Japanese Railway." ④ A state in which relationships between people have deteriorated. Conflict. ※To-ji Yuri Documents - Ha, August 29, 1459 (3rd year of Choroku), petition from the peasants of Wakasa Taranosho "Minamoto no Yoritsunakami, Hoichikaman no Shomenji"⑤ Expressing the range of two or more things. Among. In the midst of. ※Taiheiki (late 14th century) 2 "The father and son priests stabbed one of them to death and committed seppuku ." ※Kidnapping of Laborers (1918) by Eguchi Kan "There was almost no conversation between the laborers." [2] A certain part. ① A gap in space. Distance. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 14: 3571 "He left his wife in another village and gazed upon her fondly as he came along this road . " ※The Trial of the Fox (1884)〈translated by Inoue Tsutomu〉6 " Because it was a little far away. " ② A limited range in time. (i) A certain range in the passage of time. Within a period of time. About. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 5.794 "Years have not yet passed, And my heart is in an unimaginable Ahida, I lie drowning in the sleep of my sleep. "※The Bamboo Cutter (late 9th century - early 10th century) "Although I came back from that country in the middle of nowhere."※Elementary School Instruction Manual (1873)〈Ministry of Education〉 "We will practice for two or three hours."(b) An ordinary time that is not special. An ordinary time. ※Comedy Book: Tambo Yumesuketan (1844-47) 1st "It is different from the humorous time of Ahida . When talking about a purpose, it is better to be serious."[3] Used as a formal noun. ① (Used like a conjunction particle) To indicate a cause or reason. By. Because of. Because. ※Mido Kanpakuki - June 13, 1011 (8th year of Kanko) "The Crown Prince's miscellaneous affairs are _not busy, _and no imperial decree has been issued yet." ※Uji Shui (around 1221) 1 "The road was narrow, and horses were crowded together, and this large boy ran along." ② In the form of "in between," it indicates a vague time. ※Shui (around 1005-07?) Aisho 1322, legend "In the meantime, his illness became serious." [Etymology] (1) Basically, it means the part between two reference things (usage of (1)). It can be either space ("between Tokyo and Kyoto") or time ("depart without any gap"), and the part between them can be large ("between the moon and the earth"), solid ("between two pieces of paper"), or abstract ("between parent and child"). On the other hand, there is also a usage in which the two references are not specified, and the parts between them are taken as one whole (usage of (2)). For example, 'During summer vacation' or 'While the flowers are blooming'.
(2) In modern Japanese, the use of (2) is limited to time, but in ancient times it was also used in spatial terms, as in Man'yoshu 700: "Thus I passed by the not-so -close road, and came to visit."
(3) In the usage of (2), the attributive form of a verb or auxiliary verb often precedes "間", and this usage led to the usage of (3). The usage of (3) was often used in documentary materials and became common after the Middle Ages.

Ma [space]

[1] 〘 noun 〙 [1] Spatially. ① It refers vaguely to the space near where something is. Near. Around. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 3:481 "As the morning mist thickened, I passed by the edge of Mt. Sagara in Yamashiro. " ② The space between two or more similar things. Between. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 7:1194 "When I went out to Saika Bay in Ki Province, I saw the light of the lanterns and waves of the fishermen ." ③ The empty space between things that are lined up next to each other. Gap. By extension, the gap that has arisen in the relationship between people. → Ma (nashi)・Ma(nashi). ※Juurin no Naifuki - August 9, 1485 (17th year of Bunmei) "There is _a space between the pillars of a building" ④ The space between the pillars of a building. (a) The living area of a building, the part with two pillars on one side. ※Utsubo (around 970-999) Fukiage no Ue "Four mortars were set up in one place, and eight women were set up in each mortar" (b) A name showing the relationship between the space between the pillars and the standardized dimensions of tatami mats. "Kyoto-ma" "Edo-ma" etc. ⑤ A section of a room, etc. Ancient houses often did not have independent structures as rooms, so it can refer to a section divided by a folding screen, shoji screen, sliding door, etc., and it is often difficult to distinguish from the example in the previous section. When rooms began to be built independently, it mainly refers to the room. "Living room", "Next room", "Tokonoma", etc. ※Makura (end of the 10th century) 184 "Next room, people were sitting around the long charcoal bin without time" [2] Refers to time. ① A limited expanse of time. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 5:804 "When did frost fall on the black hair of the caterpillar? " ② A period of time during which a certain action or state continues. Interval . ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 4:709 "In the evening darkness, I walk the path, waiting for the moon, my husband, in the meantime , I will see you." ③ A period of time when something that has been continuing is interrupted or stopped. Continuous. → No Interval, No Interval. ※Going to See the Sea (1925) by Ishizaka Yojiro "If it is a rainy night, the pattering of drops fills the intervals in conversation that lack vocabulary." ④ A time allotted to do something. Opportunity. ※Ninjyohon, Haruiro Umemifune (around 1841-42) 4 "Because he is busy, there is no time for him to come over here." ⑤ In Japanese music, dance, and theater, it refers to the length of time between sounds or actions. By extension, it is used synonymously with meter, rhythm, and tempo. ※Kado Shamisen ( 1895)〈Saito Ryokuu〉 20 "You missed the pause in the song, so I bumped into your elbow." ⑥ Encounter. Luck. ※Kabuki/Ehon Hoho Kuchi (1810), Act 5: "'Okame, just as Yohei was being disowned, died, so Yohei became the assassin.' 'I see, he's a good space .'" [2] [Suffix] ① Used when counting the distance between pillars. The actual length is not fixed, but it refers to about six to ten feet. In the Muromachi period, it was seven to six and a half feet. ※Makura (end of the 10th century) 193 : "The lantern was lit and about two meters away." ② From (2) ①, it is used to describe the size of a building or room. One ken means a width of one ken in length and width, and goken means two kens and two and a half meters in width. ※Kinpisho (1221) Vol. 1 "1. Seiryoden. <abbreviated> 2 rooms. ₂ tatami mats and 2 _tatami mats." ③ Used to count the number of rooms. "Three-room house." ④ Used to count a certain amount of space. For example, a room surrounded by a shoji screen. ※Tsurezuregusa (around 1331) 184 "Akari shoji <abbreviated> Still, one room is hung at a time."

Ken [space]

[1] (suffix) (with a glottal stop)① The space between the pillars on the exterior of a building, mainly on the front. It is also used to count a wide space surrounded by pillars on all four sides. ※Yakushi-in documents - December 23, 788, Yamato Province, Soekamigunshi's comment "Two cypress bark-roofed wooden houses, each with four bays on the east eaves" [Tao Qian - Return to Garden and Living Poetry]② Used to count the spaces on a go board or shogi board. "Sanken tobi" ※Sharebon Shogi Kinsen (1791), preface "Open your hand and take your front, then run away again, and strike silver from your head"③ A unit for counting buildings. ※Documents held in the Cabinet Library - Dajokan Fudan dated October 27th, 748 (Tenpyo 20th year), "House: 1 ward ( abbreviated), Land: 2 cho, Reclaimed land: 1 cho 1 dan, House: 8 u, Wooden storehouse: 1 ken, Price: 10 kan mon" ④ Used to count the iron plates that make up the head of a helmet, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, joined together vertically . There could be as few as four and as many as 240. ※Kōyō Gunkan (early 17th century) Item 40, Ge "He was so skilled that he was able to smash a helmet with a length of 62 ken with the same movement" ⑤ Used to count the space between the ribs of a fan. ※Joruri, Jyuunidan-zoshi (around 1610-15), 7: "He took out a fan from his waist and pushed it open about three times." [2] [Noun] A unit of length. Usually, one ken is six shaku (about 1.82 meters) in the Kanejaku (carved ruler's rule ). Also, one ken is sometimes used to measure six shaku and five sun for rice fields and land, and six shaku and three sun for indoor tatami mats (called Kyoma , which is distinguished from Inakama) . In the Heian period, the distance between pillars in houses was about 10 shaku and was not fixed, but it was eight shaku in the Kamakura period and about seven shaku in the Muromachi period, and was fixed at six shaku and five sun after the Onin War. ※Toraakirahon Kyogen, Kuu-de (late Muromachi period - early modern period): "Four or five people were shaking a spear about ten ken long." [Note] As a unit of length, "kan" is used among people in the fishing industry. This corresponds to the length of an adult's outstretched arms, about 150 centimetres.

Kan [space]

[1] (noun) ① the space between things, people, or places. Also, the space. ※Haiku poem, Oku no Hosomichi (c. 1693-94), Matsushima: “We rented a boat and traveled to Matsushima. The journey was more than two ri, and we arrived at the shores of Oshima.” (Book of Rites, Music Records) ② the time gap between two events. Also, a continuous period of time. ※Fushikaden (c. 1400-02), vol. 1: “The space between dancing and working, omitting to let the wind take over, should be left to itself and do as it pleases.” ※Operating Room (1895), Izumi Kyoka, vol. 1: “The medical officer moved as swiftly as a rabbit, without any pause. ” (Mencius, Li Lou, vol. 2) ③ the relationship between people or things. A relationship . ※This Year's Bamboo (1919-27)〈Satomi Ton〉Three drunkards "I have no idea what's going on in the meantime. " ④ A good opportunity. Salary. [Book of the Later Han - Kou Xun Biography] ⑤ A rift. ※Sono Tairyaku - Intercalary June 2, 1349 (5th year of the Jōwa era) " _There _{was a} rift between Lord Tadayoshi and his master, _{and so} there _was an order to set fire to the city, _causing a commotion among the people and women in the capital." [Zuo Zhuan - 27th year of the Spring and Autumn Annals] ⑥ A spy. [2] [ Suffix ] Refers to the relationship between a certain time, place, person, or thing and another time, place, person, or thing. ※Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun - January 15, 1892 (25th year of the Meiji era) "The railway line opened between Tokyo and Aomori (September 1st), followed by Moji and Saga."

Aida Muahidamu [space]

〘Self-Ma 4〙 (A verb form of "aida (space)") To leave a space; to rest. ※Saidaiji Konkomyo Saishookyo Sutra, early Heian period (around 830), 4 "There was no space without leakage (ahitamu) " [Kanchiin Honmyōgishō (1241)] [Additional note] In the "Shoku Nihongi - Hōki 8th year (777), April 22nd, Imperial decree," "During the reign of the distant Emperor, there was no year without a space " " space without leakage" is also an example that is better read as "ahidamu."

Man [Ma]

〘Noun〙 (A variation of "ma (space)". One theory is that it is a combination of " ma" and "un" (luck) .) Momentum. Coincidence. Chance. Happiness. Luck. ※Hyōyō-ki Yoshiwara Yōbunsho (1661-73) vol. 13 "I hope you will come yesterday, and I hope you will."

Ai- suaihi... [pause]

〘Independent verb〙 To step in while people are drinking and take charge of the exchange of cups. To act as a middleman. ※Ukiyo- zoshi , Koshoku Ichidai Otoko (1682), 4 "I remember the exchange of cups, and I also know what it means to love."

Hi [space]

〘Noun〙 Old form of "hima (gap)". ※Shoki (720) Yuryaku 8th year February (Maeda Honin) "Able to escape by taking advantage of the gap "

Kan-su [space]

To cause a rift between people. To force a rift between people.

Hazama [space]

One of the surnames.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙[一] 二つのものにはさまれた部分。① 空間的に、二つのものにはさまれた部分。物と物とのま。中間。あいま。あわい。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一一・二四四八「白玉の間(あひだ)開(あ)けつつ貫(ぬ)ける緒も縛(くく)り寄すればまたも逢ふものを」※平家（１３Ｃ前）一一「陸(くが)と島の間」② 時間的に、二つの部分にはさまれた時。時間の連続の切れた部分。絶え間。間隔。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一五・三七八五「ほととぎす安比太(アヒダ)しまし置け汝(な)が鳴けば吾が思(も)ふ心いたもすべなし」※滑稽本・浮世風呂（1809‐13）四「一つつきてあひだのあるは鐘撞(かねつき)も心あり」③ 人と人との関係。事物相互の関係。間柄。仲。※書紀（720）神武即位前（北野本訓）「教ふるに天(きみ)人(たみ)の際(アヒタ)を以てす可からざることを見て」※源氏（1001‐14頃）賢木「宮のあひだの事、おぼつかなくなり侍りにければ」※駅夫日記（1907）〈白柳秀湖〉一二「日本鉄道の曾我とは非常に懇意の間だ」④ 人と人の間柄が悪くなった状態。紛争。※東寺百合文書‐ハ・長祿三年（1459）八月二九日・若狭太良庄百姓申状「源権守・法一か間之少免事」⑤ 二つ以上のもののうちの範囲を表わす。…のうち。…の中で。※太平記（１４Ｃ後）二「彼の入道父子が間(あひだ)に一人さし殺して、腹切らんずる物を」※労働者誘拐（1918）〈江口渙〉「労働者同志の間にはほとんど何の会話も交されない」[二] あるひとまとまりの部分。① 空間のへだたり。距離。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一四・三五七一「己妻(おのづま)をひとの里に置きおほほしく見つつそ来ぬる此の道の安比太(アヒダ)」※狐の裁判（1884）〈井上勤訳〉六「少しく距離(アヒダ)の遠かりしゆゑ」② 時間的に、限られた範囲。(イ) 時の経過におけるある範囲。期間内。うち。ほど。※万葉（８Ｃ後）五・七九四「年月もいまだあらねば心ゆも思はぬ阿比陁(アヒダ)にうち靡き臥(こや)しぬれ」※竹取（９Ｃ末‐１０Ｃ初）「かた時のあひだとてかの国よりまうでこしかども」※小学教授書（1873）〈文部省〉「二時の間か、又は三時の間、稽古致しますと」(ロ) 特別の時間でない、普通の時。なんでもない時。※滑稽本・魂胆夢輔譚（1844‐47）初「間(アヒダ)の洒落る時とは違ふ。用の咄しの時はまじめがいい」[三] 形式名詞化して用いられる。① (接続助詞のように用いて) 原因、理由を示す。…によって。…が故に。…ので。※御堂関白記‐寛弘八年（1011）六月一三日「東宮雑事不_レ閑間、可_レ然令旨等未下」※宇治拾遺（1221頃）一「道はせばくて、馬何かとひしめきけるあひだ、此の大童子走りそひて」② 「この間」の形で、漠然とした時を示す。※拾遺（1005‐07頃か）哀傷・一三二二・詞書「このあひだ病重くなりにけり」[語誌](1)基本的には、基準となる二つのものが存在し、それにはさまれた部分をいう（(一)の用法）。空間（「東京と京都の間」）・時間（「間をおかずに出発する」）どちらの場合もあり、また、そのはさまれた部分は大きなものである場合（「月と地球の間」）、すきまがない場合（「二枚の紙の間」）、抽象的なものである場合（「親子の間」）などがある。それに対し、基準となる二者を明示せずに、そのはさまれた部分を全体として一つのものとしてとらえる用法もある（(二)の用法）。「夏休みの間」「花が咲いている間」など。
(2)現代語では(二)の用法は時間的なものに限られるが、古くは空間的用法も存在した。万葉‐七〇〇「かくしてやなほやまからむ近からぬ道の間(あひだ)をなづみまゐ来て」など。
(3)(二)の用法では、「間」の前に用言・助動詞の連体形による連体修飾が来ることが多く、この用法から(三)の用法が派生した。(三)の用法は、記録資料に多く用いられ、中世以後一般化した。

ま【間】

[1] 〘名〙[一] 空間的にいう。① ある物の存在する近くの空間を漠然とさしていう。そば。あたり。※万葉（８Ｃ後）三・四八一「朝霧のおほになりつつ山城の相楽(さがらか)山の山の際(ま)に行き過ぎぬれば」② 二つ以上の同質の物のあいだにある空間。あいだ。あわい。※万葉（８Ｃ後）七・一一九四「紀の国の雑賀(さひか)の浦に出で見れば海人(あま)のともし火浪の間(ま)ゆ見ゆ」③ 連続して並んでいるようなものの中間の、あいている空間。すきま。転じて、人と人との関係に生じた間隙。→間(ま)無し・間(ま)無し。※十輪院内府記‐文明一七年（1485）八月九日「武田与所司代有_レ間云々」④ 建物の柱と柱の間。(イ) 建物の居住区で二本の柱を一辺とする部分。※宇津保（970‐999頃）吹上上「ま一つに臼四つ立てたり、臼一つに女ども八人たてり」(ロ) 柱間と規格化された畳の寸法との関係を示す名。「京間」「江戸間」など。⑤ 部屋などの一区切り。古代の家屋は、部屋としての独立した構造を持たないことが多いので、几帳、障子、襖などで区切られた一区画をさしていい、前項の例と区別しがたい場合も多い。部屋がそれぞれ独立して作られるようになると、主として部屋をさしていう。「居間」「次の間」「床の間」など。※枕（１０Ｃ終）一八四「次のまに長炭櫃にひまなく居たる人々」[二] 時間的にいう。① ある限定された時間的なひろがり。※万葉（８Ｃ後）五・八〇四「蜷(みな)の腸(わた) か黒き髪にいつの麻(マ)か霜の降りけむ」② ある動作・状態が継続している時間帯。間(かん)。※万葉（８Ｃ後）四・七〇九「夕闇は道たづたづし月待ちていませ我が夫子(せこ)その間(ま)にも見む」③ 継続していたものが途切れたり中断したりする時間。絶え間。→間(ま)無し・間(ま)無し。※海を見に行く（1925）〈石坂洋次郎〉「もしそれが雨降りの夜でもあれば、滴のポトンポトンという音が、語彙に乏しい会話の間(マ)を埋め」④ 何かをするのに振り当てる時間。機会。※人情本・春色梅美婦禰（1841‐42頃）四「おいそがしいから、夫で此方へお出なさるお間(マ)がなひので在(あら)ふ」⑤ 邦楽・舞踊・演劇で、音と音、動作と動作の間の休止の時間的長短をいう。転じて、拍節・リズム・テンポと同意に用いる。※門三味線（1895）〈斎藤緑雨〉二〇「唄の間(マ)外したで沢山なを未足らぬか儂が肱へぶつかって」⑥ めぐりあわせ。運。※歌舞伎・絵本合法衢（1810）五幕「『お亀、与兵衛が勘当のその内に丁度くたばったから、ソレ、殺し手は与兵衛となるワ』『成る程、こいつは好い間(マ)だの』」[2] 〘接尾〙① 柱と柱の間を単位として数える時に用いる。実際の長さは一定しないが、六尺から一〇尺ぐらいをさす。室町時代には七尺ないし六・五尺であった。※枕（１０Ｃ終）一九三「灯籠(とうろ)に火ともしたる二まばかりさりて」② (二)①から、建物や部屋の広さをいうのに用いる。一間は、たてよこ一間に一間の広さをいい、五間といえば二間に二間半の広さをいう。※禁秘鈔（1221）上「一清涼殿。〈略〉二間。敷_二畳二帖_一」③ 部屋の数を数えるのに用いる。「三間の家」④ 一定の区切られた空間を数えるのに用いる。障子の桟で囲まれた一区切など。※徒然草（1331頃）一八四「明り障子〈略〉なほ一間づつ張られけるを」

けん【間】

[1] 〘接尾〙 (撥音を受けるときは「げん」とも)① 建物の外面、主として正面の柱と柱との間。また、ひろく、四方を柱で囲まれた空間を数えるのにも用いる。※薬師院文書‐延暦七年（788）一二月二三日・大和国添上郡司解「檜皮葺板敷屋二宇各四間在東庇」〔陶潜‐帰園田居詩〕② 碁盤、将棋盤などの目を数えるのに用いる。「三間飛び」※洒落本・娼妓絹籭（1791）序「ひらいて大手(おほで)をとる又一っけんにげるあたまから銀とうつ」③ 建物を数える単位。※内閣文庫所蔵文書‐天平二〇年（748）一〇月二七日・太政官符案「家壱区〈略〉地弐町、墾田柒町壱段、屋捌宇、板倉柒間、価銭柒拾貫文」④ 兜(かぶと)の鉢を構成する、上が狭く下が広い鉄の板金を縦矧(たてはぎ)にしたものを数えるのに用いる。少ないもので四枚、多くて二四〇枚張り寄せる。※甲陽軍鑑（１７Ｃ初）品四〇下「殊更六十二間のかぶとを、同しなひにて打くだきなんど仕る程の上手にて」⑤ 扇の骨と骨の間を数えるのに用いる。※浄瑠璃・十二段草子（1610‐15頃か）七「腰より扇をとり出し、三げんばかり押開き」[2] 〘名〙長さの単位。ふつう一間は曲尺(かねじゃく)で六尺（約一・八二メートル）にあたる。また、田や土地には六尺五寸、室内の畳には六尺三寸（これを京間(きょうま)といい、田舎間(いなかま)と区別する）を一間とすることがある。平安時代には住宅の柱間は一〇尺程度で不定であったが、鎌倉時代には八尺、室町時代には七尺ほどとなり、応仁乱後ごろから六尺五寸に固定した。※虎明本狂言・空腕（室町末‐近世初）「十間ばかりある鑓を、四五人ゆすりかけて参る程に」[補注]長さの単位としては、漁業関係者の間で用いられる「間」がある。大人が両手をひろげた時の長さに相当し、約一五〇センチメートルという。

かん【間】

[1] 〘名〙① 物や人、または、場所などのそれぞれのあいだ。間隔。また、その空間。※俳諧・奥の細道（1693‐94頃）松島「船をかりて松島にわたる。其間二里余、雄島の磯につく」〔礼記‐楽記〕② 事と事との時間的なへだたり。また、一続きの時間。※風姿花伝（1400‐02頃）一「舞・はたらきの間〈略〉風度し出ださんかかりを、うち任せて心のままに、せさすべし」※外科室（1895）〈泉鏡花〉上「医学士の挙動脱兎の如く神速にして聊か間(カン)なく」〔孟子‐離婁・下〕③ 人や物事のあいだの関係。仲(なか)。※今年竹（1919‐27）〈里見弴〉三人上戸「俺アその間(カン)の消息は一向に不知案内だが」④ よい機会。しお。〔後漢書‐寇恂伝〕⑤ 心のへだたり。仲たがい。※園太暦‐貞和五年（1349）閏六月二日「直義卿与師直有_レ間、就_レ之可_レ有_二兵火旨_一、都人士女騒動」〔春秋左伝‐哀公二七年〕⑥ まわしもの。間諜(かんちょう)。[2] 〘接尾〙ある時間、場所、人、物と、他の時間、場所、人、物とのあいだをいう。※東京日日新聞‐明治二五年（1892）一月一五日「東京青森間（九月一日）、続て門司佐賀間汽車の開通あり」

あいだ・むあひだむ【間】

〘自マ四〙 (「あいだ（間）」を動詞化したもの) 間をおく。休む。※西大寺本金光明最勝王経平安初期点（830頃）四「無漏の間(アヒタム)こと無き」〔観智院本名義抄（1241）〕[補注]「続日本紀‐宝亀八年（777）四月二二日・宣命」の「遠天皇の御世御世、年の緒落ちず間牟事無く」の「間牟」も、「あひだむ」と訓じた方がよい例と考えられる。