Tenaga

Japanese: 手永 - てなが

In the early modern period, this was a local administrative unit established by the Hosokawa clan in Buzen and Higo, which governed around 30 villages under a county. It appears to have begun towards the end of the Keicho era (1596-1615). It is said that the name was taken from the fact that in northern Kyushu, "tenaga" meant an area within reach. In 1622 (Genwa 8), there were 73 tenaga in the territory of Kokura Domain in Buzen. After the Hosokawa clan entered Higo, they switched from the gogumi system to the tenaga system, and it is estimated that there were over 100 tenaga in the territory of Kumamoto Domain around 1635 (Kan'ei 12). By the end of the Edo period, there were 51 tenaga. The rice yield per tenaga ranged from 27,231 koku in Gonoe tenaga to 518 koku in Kugino tenaga, with an average of 10,000 koku.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

近世，細川氏が豊前，肥後で設けた地方行政単位で，郡の下に30村程度を束ねる。慶長(1596‐1615)末年ごろ始めたらしい。北九州では手の届く範囲を〈てなが〉と言ったところから，これをとったという。1622年(元和8)豊前小倉藩領には73手永があった。細川氏は肥後入国後それまでの郷組制を手永制に切り替え，35年(寛永12)ごろの熊本藩領の手永数は100以上と推定される。幕末には51手永となる。1手永の石高は河江（ごうのえ）手永2万7231石から久木野（くぎの）手永518石まであり，平均1万石であった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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