Triple Entente (English: Triple Entente) French

Japanese: 三国協商 - さんごくきょうしょう(英語表記)Triple Entente フランス語
Triple Entente (English: Triple Entente) French

The cooperative system of the UK, France, and Russia before World War I. It is a general term for the friendly relations between the three countries that were formed through alliances and ententes, and there was no specific treaty. France, which was in opposition to the Triple Entente, approached Russia, which had turned away from Germany, and formed the Russo-French Alliance from 1891 to 1894. For a long time, the UK maintained its "glorious isolation," but after forming the Anglo-Japanese Alliance with Japan in 1902, it formed the Anglo-French Entente with France in 1904 when the Russo-Japanese War broke out. Russia, which was defeated in the Russo-Japanese War, then approached the UK, and in 1907 concluded the Anglo-Russian Entente, establishing the Triple Entente system. What first brought these three countries together was the rapid rise of Germany, and the Triple Entente divided world politics before the war in two in opposition to the Triple Entente, which was centered around Germany. The Triple Entente was also a world system in which the imperialist powers cooperated with each other to maintain their colonial domination. In other words, when the Anglo-French Entente was established, the two countries resolved their conflicts in various parts of the world, and in particular recognized each other's spheres of influence in Egypt and Morocco. Similarly, in the Anglo-Russian Entente, the two countries confirmed their respective spheres of influence in Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet. The Entente did not initially have the character of a military alliance, but as conflict with Germany intensified due to the Moroccan incident and other events, it was reinforced by various military agreements, and finally entered World War I. Before the war, Japan and Spain were also members of the Entente system, but the number of participating countries increased dramatically during the war. However, with the entry of the United States into the war, the initiative in the war was taken away from the Entente powers, and furthermore, Russia's withdrawal due to the Russian Revolution led to the collapse of the Entente system.

[Kitani Tsutomu]

[References] | Triple Alliance | Morocco Incident

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

第一次世界大戦前のイギリス、フランス、ロシア3国の協力体制。それは、相互に同盟や協商によって結ばれた3国間の友好関係の総称であって、特定の条約が存在したわけではない。三国同盟と対立するフランスは、ドイツから離反したロシアに近づき、1891~94年にロシア・フランス同盟を成立させた。イギリスは長らく「光栄ある孤立」を守ってきたが、1902年に日本と日英同盟を結んだのち、04年日露戦争勃発(ぼっぱつ)を機にフランスとイギリス・フランス協商を結んだ。ついで日露戦争に敗れたロシアもイギリスに接近、07年イギリス・ロシア協商を締結して、三国協商体制が成立した。これら3国を結び付けたのは、まずドイツの急速な台頭で、三国協商は、ドイツを中心とする三国同盟に対抗して大戦前の世界政治を二分した。また三国協商は、帝国主義列強がその植民地支配を維持するため互いに協力する世界体制でもあった。すなわち、イギリス・フランス協商成立にあたり両国は、世界の諸地域での両国間の対立を解消し、とくにエジプトとモロッコとを互いに勢力圏として認め合った。また、イギリス・ロシア協商でも、ペルシア、アフガニスタン、チベットで両国はそれぞれの勢力圏を確認した。協商は初め軍事同盟の性格をもたなかったが、モロッコ事件などを通じてドイツとの対立が強まるにつれ、種々の軍事協定により補強され、ついに第一次世界大戦に突入した。大戦前、協商体制に日本、スペインも参加していたが、大戦中には参加国が激増した。しかし、アメリカの参戦で戦争の主導権が協商国の手を離れ、さらにロシア革命でロシアが脱退したため、協商体制は崩壊した。

[木谷 勤]

[参照項目] | 三国同盟 | モロッコ事件

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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