Black ray - Black ray

Japanese: ツバクロエイ - つばくろえい
Black ray - Black ray

A general term for a family or genera of the order Gymnuridae, a class of Chondrichthyes, or the name of one of its species. The Gymnura genus of the family Gymnuridae (butterfly rays) is characterized by a broad, diamond-shaped body disc that is more than 1.5 times as wide as its length, the absence of a tail fin, and a whip-shaped tail. The Gymnura genus is distributed in the waters off Japan, with two species, the buccal ray G. japonica and the long-tailed buccal ray G. poecilura , and the buccal ray can be distinguished from the long-tailed buccal ray (whose tail is equal to the length of its disc) by its short tail, which is only half the length of its disc.

The Japanese butterfly ray is a species that inhabits shallow seas on sandy and muddy bottoms. It reproduces non-placental, viviparous, and once the fetus has absorbed its own egg yolk, it grows on uterine milk (a lipid nutrient secreted from the mother's uterine wall) from the mother. In the spring, it gives birth to 2-8 young, each about 12 centimeters long. They grow to about 1 meter in length. They are found in the Pacific Ocean south of central Honshu, the Sea of ​​Japan, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List lists it as "Vulnerable" (as of August 2021).

[Kazuhiro Nakatani September 17, 2021]

[Reference] | A
Major types of rays (1) [specimen illustration]
©Tomita Hyakushu ">

Major types of rays (1) [specimen illustration]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

軟骨魚綱トビエイ目の科や属の総称、またはその1種の名称。ツバクロエイ科Gymnuridae(英名butterfly rays)のツバクロエイ属Gymnuraは体盤が横に広い菱(ひし)形で、その幅が長さの1.5倍以上あること、尾びれがなく、尾部が鞭(むち)状であることで特徴づけられる。ツバクロエイ属は日本近海にはツバクロエイG. japonicaとオナガツバクロエイG. poeciluraの2種が分布し、ツバクロエイは尾部が短く体盤の長さの半分しかないことでオナガツバクロエイ(尾部が体盤の長さと等しい)と区別できる。

 種としてのツバクロエイ(英名Japanese butterfly ray)は、浅海の砂泥底域に生息する。生殖方法は非胎盤型の胎生で、胎仔(たいし)は自分の卵黄を吸収してしまうと母体から子宮ミルク(母親の子宮壁から分泌される脂質栄養物)を受けて成育する。春に全長12センチメートルほどの子を2~8尾産む。全長1メートルくらいになる。本州中部以南の太平洋、日本海、東シナ海、南シナ海に分布する。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「危急」(VU)に指定されている(2021年8月時点)。

[仲谷一宏 2021年9月17日]

[参照項目] | エイ
エイのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕
©冨田百秋">

エイのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕


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