Chang Men - Choben

Korean politician. Born in Gyeonggi Province. After graduating from Suwon Agricultural and Forestry High School, he studied in the United States and graduated from Manhattan College in 1925. After returning to Korea, he followed the Catholic Church and served as the principal of Dongsung Business School from 1931 to 1945. After liberation, he entered politics and became a member of various parliaments. From 1949 to 1951, he was the first ambassador to the United States. He was prime minister in 1951 and ran for president in 1952 but lost. In 1955, he founded the Democratic Party and confronted the ruling Liberal Party. After the student revolution in April 1960, he was elected prime minister under the new constitution and established the Democratic Party government (his spokesman at the time was future South Korean president Kim Dae-jung). However, he was ousted by the military revolution in May 1961 and was accused of counter-revolution at one point. He was lifted from exile in 1965, but died in June 1966 in despair.

[Momo Tamaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

韓国（大韓民国）の政治家。京畿(けいき)道生まれ。水原高等農林学校卒業後、アメリカに留学し1925年マンハッタン大学卒業。帰国後、カトリック事業に従い、1931～1945年東星商業学校校長。解放後、政界に入り、各種議員となる。1949～1951年初代駐米大使。1951年国務総理、1952年大統領選に出て落選。1955年に民主党を創立して、与党自由党と対決した。1960年4月の学生革命後、新憲法下の国務総理に選出されて、民主党政権を樹立した（当時のスポークスマンがのちの韓国大統領金大中(きんだいちゅう／キムデジュン)である）。しかし、1961年5月の軍事革命により失脚し、一時は反革命罪に問われた。1965年追放を解除されたが、1966年6月失意のうちに死去。

［玉城　素］

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