Tannhäuser and the Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg

Japanese: タンホイザー - たんほいざー(英語表記)Tannhäuser und der Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg
Tannhäuser and the Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg

Wagner's opera. Its official title is "Tannhäuser and the Wartburg Singing Contest," with the subtitle "A Romantic Opera in Three Acts." He wrote the libretto himself, based on historical facts and legends from medieval Germany, and it premiered in Dresden in 1845. Tannhäuser, a knight who had been immersed in the world of sensuality under the goddess of love, Venus, grows tired of it and returns to earth to participate in the Wartburg Singing Contest. There, he commits the grave sin of praising carnal love, but with the intercession of Elisabeth, the niece of the lord who loves him, he sets off on a pilgrimage to Rome. However, when Tannhäuser is denied pardon by the Pope, he tries to return to the world of Venus, but Elisabeth sacrifices her own life to save his soul.

This opera was the first work in which Wagner himself came up with the plot structure, and it also played an important role in establishing his own unique musical style. The symphonic overture that anticipated the contents of the drama, the long dialogue between Venus and Tannhäuser, Elisabeth's "Die Singe", Wolfram's "Evening Star Song", and the "Pilgrim's Chorus" are also famous, but Tannhäuser's "Roman Speech" in the third act in particular foreshadows the mature style of his later years. In 1861, a revised version with a ballet in the prologue was performed in Paris.

[Yukio Miyake]

[Reference] | Opera

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ワーグナーのオペラ。正式の題名は『タンホイザーとワルトブルクの歌合戦』で、「三幕からなるロマン的オペラ」の副題をもつ。自ら中世ドイツの史実や伝説に基づき台本を作成、1845年ドレスデンで初演。愛の女神ウェヌス(ビーナス)のもとで官能の世界におぼれていた騎士タンホイザーは、これに飽いて地上に戻り、ワルトブルクの歌合戦に参加する。そこで彼は肉欲の愛を賛美する大罪を犯してしまうのだが、彼を愛する領主の姪(めい)エリーザベートのとりなしでローマ巡礼の旅に出る。しかし教皇から赦免を拒否されたタンホイザーはふたたびウェヌスの世界に戻ろうとするが、エリーザベートは自らの命を犠牲にして彼の魂を救済する。

 このオペラは筋書き構成までワーグナーが自分で案出した最初の作品であり、また音楽面においても、彼独自のスタイルを確立するうえで重要な意味をもつ。ドラマの内容を先取りした交響詩的序曲、息の長いウェヌスとタンホイザーの対話、そしてエリーザベートの「歌の殿堂」やウォルフラムの「夕星(ゆうぼし)の歌」、また「巡礼の合唱」なども有名だが、とくにタンホイザーの歌う第三幕の「ローマの語り」には後期の円熟した作法を予見させるものがある。1861年、序幕にバレエを入れた改訂版がパリで上演されている。

[三宅幸夫]

[参照項目] | オペラ

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