Tamba clan

A physician of the Imperial Court since the Heian period. Tamba Yasuyori, descended from the Sakanoue clan, a family of Banbetsu (immigrants from China), was given the surname Tamba no Sukune and was the first to serve the Imperial Court as a doctor of acupuncture. After that, his descendants were successively appointed as head of the Bureau of Medicine and envoys to the medical service of the Imperial Court and aristocrats. The Tamba clan died out during the Sengoku period. However, Yoritoyo, a branch of the family, ruled over Komori-sho in Echizen Province (Fukui Prefecture) and other areas, and his family was called the Komori clan. His son, Yorihide, took the name Nishikinokoji, but during the time of his descendant, Yorisue, the family name was restored to Komori by imperial decree. His adopted son, Yoritsune, restored the Tanba clan and took the name Nishikinokoji in 1707 (4th year of the Hoei era). As the head of the Bureau of Medicine, he was awarded a stipend for his medical expertise. The family was later ranked among the nobility for its achievements during the Meiji Restoration.

[Muneharu Taga]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安朝以来の朝廷の医家。蕃別(ばんべつ)（中国からの渡来の家）である坂上(さかのうえ)氏から出た丹波康頼(たんばのやすより)が丹波宿禰(すくね)の氏姓を賜り、初めて鍼博士(しんはかせ)として朝廷に仕えた。その後、子孫相次いで典薬頭(てんやくのかみ)、施薬院使(せやくいんし)などに任ぜられて、朝廷、貴族の医療の仕事にあたった。戦国時代に盛直(もりなお)に至って丹波家は絶えた。しかし庶流の頼豊(よりとよ)は越前国(えちぜんのくに)（福井県）小森庄(おもりのしょう)などを領し、家を小森氏と称した。その子頼秀(よりひで)は錦小路(にしきのこうじ)を称したが、その子孫頼季(よりすえ)のとき、院宣(いんぜん)により小森の家名に復した。その養子頼庸(よりつね)が丹波氏を再興し、1707年（宝永4）に錦小路を称し、典薬頭として侍医扶持(じいぶち)を給せられた。同家は、のち明治維新の際の功により、華族に列せられた。

［多賀宗隼］

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