Proteins are the most basic substances that make up living organisms, and perform a variety of important functions. The various structures found inside and outside of cells are primarily formed by proteins, and enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions essential to living organisms are also made of proteins. Proteins are also responsible for biological movement, nervous system activity, transport of substances, and immune responses. In other words, the first characteristic of proteins is their functionality. Furthermore, proteins are unique to each species of organism, and the characteristics of each species are determined by its proteins. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
タンパク質は,生物体を構成するもっとも基本的な物質であり,さまざまな重要な働きをしている。細胞内外に見られる種々の構造は,主としてタンパク質により形成されるし,生物に必須の化学反応を触媒する酵素は,タンパク質でできている。そして,生体運動,神経系の活動,物質の輸送,免疫反応などもタンパク質が行っている。すなわち,タンパク質の第1の特徴として,その機能性をあげることができる。 また,タンパク質はおのおのの生物種に固有のものであり,生物種の特徴はタンパク質により決まっている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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