Iga Sokoku Ikki Okisho (Laws of the Iga Sōkoku Ikki)

Japanese: 伊賀惣国一揆掟書 - いがそうこくいっきおきてがき

...An organization formed during the Warring States period when local samurai in Iga united on a national scale to protect their local sovereignty. The only historical material is the "Sokoku Ikki Okite no Koto" ("About the Uprising of the Country"), which is included in documents ("Yamanaka Documents" held by the Jingu Bunko) handed down to the powerful local samurai Yamanaka clan of the neighboring Koga district of Omi Province. The book of rules consists of 11 articles, including: if any invasion by forces from other provinces were to occur, the entire Sokoku should unite in defense; if there was a report of an invasion, village bells should be rung and the army should march out immediately; those between the ages of 50 and 17 were obligated to march out to war, and if the war was to continue for a long period of time, they would be organized into shifts and military commanders would be appointed in each area and the So would follow their orders; senior monks at the temples of the Sokoku should pray for the country's abundance and young monks should march out to war; vassals of the various samurai should be made to write pledges of obedience in each village; loyal peasants should be promoted to samurai; and anyone who brings in or colludes with forces from other provinces should be defeated and their land confiscated.

From Iga Province

…The Iga Sokoku Ikki was based on the unity of local kokujin (local people). The Iga Sokoku Ikki Rules, entitled “The Rules of the Sokoku Ikki” and dated November 16th, unknown, and held by the Jingu Bunko Library, is thought to have been created in the latter half of the 16th century, when the Miyoshi side or Yamato kokujin and the Iga Sokoku Ikki were about to enter into battle. It contains interesting information, such as the fact that it attempted to mobilize samurai and foot soldiers aged 17 to 50 from the Iga province. The Iga Sokoku Ikki was destroyed by the forces of Oda Nobukatsu, who invaded Iga province by order of Oda Nobunaga in September 1581 (Tensho 9), and the castles, temples and shrines in Iga province were reduced to ashes. There are almost no historical documents in Iga province that tell us about the existence of the Sokoku Ikki. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Iga Sokoku Ikki Okiteisho" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…戦国時代に伊賀の地侍層が在地領主権を守るために一国的規模で団結した組織。隣接する近江国甲賀郡の有力地侍山中氏に伝えられた文書(神宮文庫所蔵《山中文書》)に含まれる〈惣国一揆掟之事〉が唯一の史料。その掟書は11ヵ条で，他国勢の侵入には惣国一味同心して防戦すべきこと，侵入の注進があれば里々の鐘を鳴らし直ちに出陣すること，50～17歳のものは出陣義務があり，長期にわたるときは番編成にして交代し，在々所々で武者大将を指定し惣はその下知に従うこと，惣国諸寺の老僧は国豊饒の祈禱をし若い僧は出陣すること，諸侍の被官たちに里々で起請文を書かせ服従を誓わせること，忠節の百姓は侍にとりたてること，他国勢を引き入れたり内通したりするものは討伐しその所領を没収すること等々が定められている。…

【伊賀国】より

…惣国一揆は地域的な国人らの結合体“惣”を基礎単位としていた。神宮文庫所蔵の年未詳11月16日付けの〈惣国一揆掟之事〉と題する11ヵ条にわたる伊賀惣国一揆掟書は，16世紀後半，三好方あるいは大和国人と伊賀惣国一揆がまさに戦闘に入らんとする時点で作成されたものと思われ，一国の17歳から50歳までの侍，足軽を動員しようとした点など興味深い内容をもつ。このような伊賀惣国一揆も，1581年(天正9)9月織田信長の命によって侵入した織田信雄（のぶかつ）の軍勢によって滅ぼされ，伊賀国内の諸城館，寺社は灰燼に帰し，惣国一揆の存在を現在に伝える史料は，伊賀国にはまったくと言ってよいほど存在しない。…

※「伊賀惣国一揆掟書」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Mold - Igata (English spelling)

>>: Squid ink - Ikasumi