Tamakavi (English spelling) Sphaeriales

Japanese: タマカビ（英語表記）Sphaeriales

A general term for fungi in the Ascomycetes order. The spore-forming organs, the ascomata, are mostly dark brown to black, spherical or antler-shaped, and leathery to carbonaceous. The inside of the ascoma is hollow, with long, thin sacs called asci lined up vertically and densely, and the spores are lined up vertically inside the asci. Representative species include Chaetomium , which grows on old tatami mats, straw, wallpaper, etc. and invades the fibers; Neurospora crassa, which grows on burnt wood and corn cobs and is also used as a material for genetic research; and Sordaria , which often grows on animal feces.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

子囊菌類タマカビ目の菌の総称。胞子形成器官である子囊果が，多くは暗褐色～黒色の球形，とくり形で，革質～炭質。子囊果の内部は中空になっていて，細長い子囊という袋が縦に密にならび，子囊内には胞子が縦にならんでいる。代表的な種類には，古畳，わら，壁紙などに生えて繊維を侵すケタマカビ(ケートミウム)Chaetomium，焼跡の木やトウモロコシの芯に生え，遺伝学研究の材料ともされるアカパンカビ，動物の糞の上によく発生するソルダリアSordariaなどがある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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