This is a representative work of Wittgenstein's early philosophy. It was published in 1921 and translated into English as Tractatus Logico-philosophicus (1922). It is written in the style of a collection of systematically numbered aphorisms. As the title suggests, the subject is the philosophy of logic, but the consequences that can be derived from it cover almost all areas of philosophy. Its basic assertions can be summarized as follows: (1) every proposition is a truth-function of elementary propositions, and (2) propositions are pictures of possible states of affairs (language map theory). This book had a great influence on logical positivism, and through that, it had a great, if indirect, influence on 20th century English-speaking philosophy. However, in his later philosophy, Wittgenstein himself criticized Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus by tracing it back to its foundations. [Takashi Iida] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ウィットゲンシュタインの前期哲学を代表する著作。1921年刊行。英訳はTractatus Logico-philosophicus(1922)。体系的に番号が付されたアフォリズムの集積というスタイルで書かれている。表題が示すように、主題は論理学の哲学であるが、そこから得られる帰結は哲学のほぼ全領域にわたる。その基本的主張は、〔1〕いかなる命題も要素命題の真理関数である、〔2〕命題は可能な事態の像である(言語写像説)、の二つに要約される。本書は論理実証主義に多大の影響を与え、それを通じて20世紀の英語圏の哲学に、間接的ではあっても大きな影響を与えた。しかしながら、ウィットゲンシュタイン自身は、その後期の哲学において、『論理哲学論考』をその基礎にまでさかのぼって自己批判している。 [飯田 隆] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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