Cannabis is an annual plant native to Central Asia, and its leaves and flowers contain THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), which has hallucinogenic and central nervous system depressant effects. Dried cannabis is called "marijuana," and cannabis resin, which is made by compressing the resin extracted from the leaves and flowers, is called "hashish." It is said that ingesting cannabis produces a unique feeling of comfort and relaxation, and makes the body feel relaxed. Pharmacologically, it causes effects such as increased heart rate, conjunctival congestion, increased appetite, dry mouth, frequent urination, nausea, and vomiting. Chronic use can also cause laryngitis and chronic bronchitis, as well as disorders such as decreased testosterone secretion and reduced sperm count in men, and decreased prolactin secretion and menstrual irregularities in women. In addition to physical effects, regular use of cannabis can cause mental disorders. Habitual cannabis abusers exhibit the following mental characteristics: (1) poor patience and prone to frustration; (2) extreme mood swings; (3) constant daze; (4) depression, self-absorption, deceptive behavior, and pathological lying. In addition to these physical and mental effects, cannabis is also problematic as a "gateway drug" that leads to the use of stronger drugs such as cocaine, LSD, and heroin. Cannabis is regulated by the Cannabis Control Act, which prohibits cultivation, possession, and sale, but there are no penalties for smoking cannabis, and seeds are not subject to regulation. However, there has been an increase in cases of people evading the law, selling seeds, and illegally cultivating cannabis from seeds, and being arrested. In addition, many cases of violations of the Cannabis Control Act by young people, including university students, have been reported, and this has become a social problem. (Miho Hoshino, Freelance Writer / 2008) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
「大麻取締法」で規制される大麻草およびその製品のこと。大麻草は中央アジア原産の一年草で、葉や花に幻覚作用や中枢抑制作用をもたらすTHC(テトラヒドロカンナビノール)という成分を含んでいる。乾燥させた大麻は「マリファナ」、葉や花から採れる樹脂を圧縮加工した大麻樹脂は「ハシシュ」「ハシシ」などと呼ばれる。大麻を摂取すると、独特の心地よさやリラックス感があり、からだもほぐれるような気分になるといわれる。薬理的には、心拍数の増加や結膜の充血、食欲の亢進(こうしん)、口渇、頻尿、悪心、嘔吐(おうと)などの作用をもたらす。また、慢性的に使用することにより、喉頭炎(こうとうえん)、慢性気管支炎の原因となったり、男性ではテストステロンの分泌低下、精子数の減少、女性ではプロラクチンの分泌低下、月経異常などの障害を引き起こす。身体的な影響だけでなく、大麻は常習することで精神的な障害を引き起こす。大麻常習乱用者には、(1)忍耐力に乏しく欲求不満に陥りやすい(2)感情の起伏が激しい(3)常に朦朧(もうろう)状態にある(4)うつ状態、自己陶酔、まやかしの行動、病的虚言-などの精神的特徴がみられる。このような身体的・精神的な影響と同時に、大麻はコカインやLSD、ヘロインなどより強力な薬物を使用するきっかけとなる「ゲートウェイ・ドラッグ」であることも問題とされている。大麻は、大麻取締法で規制されており、栽培や所持、売買などは禁じられているが、吸引には罰則規定がなく、種子は規制対象から外れている。そうした法の目をかいくぐり、種子の販売や種子からの大麻の不正栽培を行い、摘発されることが増加している。また、大学生をはじめとする若年者による大麻取締法違反の事例が多く報道され、社会問題となっている。
(星野美穂 フリーライター / 2008年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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