Tai Chi

Japanese: 太極拳 - たいきょくけん
Tai Chi
One of the Chinese martial arts. It is practiced as a martial art of tai chi, but is also practiced as a medical exercise and fitness technique. The "fist" refers to a martial art in which one fights with bare hands without using weapons. There are various theories about its founder, including that it was founded by martial artist Chen Wangting (Chinjiagou, Wen County, Henan Province) in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Jiang Fa of Xiaolu Village, Wen County, Wang Zongyue of Shanxi Province, and that it was created by Taoists using qigong techniques. Tai chi incorporates the classical theory of yin and yang tai chi, the meridian theory of oriental medicine, and the health care methods of do-in and to-na, and the name tai chi came to be used because Wang Zongyue's "Tai Chi Theory" became the basic theoretical text. There are many styles, including the Chen style, Yang style, Wu style, Wu style, and Sun style, but the Chen style is considered to be the origin. The Chen style is characterized by the use of twisting strings (spiral twists) and powerful thrusts and kicks (instantaneous, powerful thrusts and kicks). The Yang style was started by Yang Luchan, who studied the Chen style in Chenjiagou, and his grandson Yang Chengfu developed the form and formed a school of his own. The movements are free, large and gentle, making it the most widely used style. As part of a policy to encourage physical activities after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the National Sports and Sports Commission collected and organized traditional Tai Chi and compiled the Established Tai Chi in 1956. One of these was the Simplified 24-Form Tai Chi. Subsequently, the 88-Form, 48-Form and other forms were published one after another. It was made an official event at the 1st Asian Martial Arts Championships (Yokohama) in 1987, the 11th Asian Games (Beijing) in 1990, and the 1st World Martial Arts Championships (Beijing) in 1991, and is becoming more internationalized as a competitive martial art. →Kenpo→Related topics Asian Games|Gymnastics

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
中国武術の一つ。武術太極拳として行われると同時に,医療体操,健身術としても行われる。〈拳〉は武器を用いないで素手で闘う格闘技をさす。創始者については諸説があるが,明末・清初の武術家陳王廷(河南省温県陳家溝)とするもの,温県小留村の蒋発とするもの,山西省の王宗岳とするもの,道家が気功法を利用してつくったとするものなどがその主なものである。太極拳には,古典の太極陰陽学説,東洋医学の経絡理論,養生法の導引・吐納がとり入れられており,王宗岳の《太極拳論》が基本的な理論書となったことから,太極拳という名称が用いられるようになった。陳式,楊式,呉式,武式,孫式など多くの流派があるが,源流とされるのは陳式である。陳式は纏糸(てんし)(らせん状のひねり)と発勁(はっけい)(瞬間的な激しい突きや蹴(け)り)を特徴とする。楊式は,陳家溝で陳式を学んだ楊露禅が始め,その孫楊澄甫が型を定めて一派をなした。動作はのびのびとして大きく,ゆるやかであるため,最も広く普及した。1949年中華人民共和国成立後体育活動の奨励政策の一環として1956年,国家体育運動委員会は伝統太極拳を蒐集(しゅうしゅう)整理し,制定太極拳を編集した。その一つが簡化24式太極拳である。その後,88式,48式などが相次いで発表された。1987年に第1回アジア武術選手権大会(横浜),1990年に第11回アジア競技大会(北京),1991年に第1回世界武術選手権大会(北京)の正式種目として競技化され,競技武術としても国際化が進められている。→拳法
→関連項目アジア競技大会|体操

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