It is an animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae, of the class Mammalia. It is found in the Sahara Desert from Rio de Oro (Western Sahara) and Senegal in Africa to Egypt and Sudan. It stands 1.0-1.1 meters tall at the shoulder and weighs 80-120 kilograms. Both sexes have horns, which can be 90 centimeters long and sometimes reach 1.1 meters. The back of the body is light sand colored in summer and gray brown in winter, while the underside and limbs are white. The face is black and has an X-shaped white spot on the front. The hooves are black and wide, which helps it move around in the sand. It usually lives in small groups of 5-20 animals, with the older males as the leader. It can survive without drinking much water, as it feeds on plants that grow in the desert and obtains moisture from them. It travels long distances in search of plants that grow rapidly after rain, and this species is said to have the ability to find these plants from afar. They give birth to one child in winter or early spring. They are sturdy and well suited to walking long distances, but are slow runners, so they are hunted by indigenous peoples who use camels and horses, and their meat is used for food and their skin for shoes. Their population has drastically decreased to 7,000 to 8,000, and they are now protected by law in the countries where they are distributed. [Tadaaki Imaizumi] © Hidehiko Tamagawa "> Main species of antelope (1) (specimen illustration) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目ウシ科の動物。アフリカのリオデオロ(西サハラ)、セネガルからエジプト、スーダンまでのサハラ砂漠に分布する。肩高1.0~1.1メートル、体重80~120キログラム。角(つの)は雌雄にあり、長さは約90センチメートル、ときに1.1メートルに達する。体背面は夏は淡い砂色、冬は灰茶色で、腹面や四肢などは白い。顔は黒く、前面にX字形の白斑(はくはん)がある。ひづめは黒色で幅広く、砂地での行動を助ける。普通5~20頭の小群で生活し、年をとった雄がリーダーとなる。砂漠に生える植物を食べ、水分もそれからとるため、ほとんど水を飲まずに生きることができる。雨のあとで急速に茂る植物を求めて、長距離の移動を行うが、本種にはこれらの植物を遠くから捜し出す能力があるといわれる。冬または早春に1子を産む。体が頑丈で、長距離を歩くのに適するが、走るのは遅いため、ラクダやウマを利用する原住民に狩られ、肉は食用に、皮は靴用にされた。生息数が7000~8000頭と激減、現在では分布域にあたる国々では法律により保護している。 [今泉忠明] ©玉川秀彦"> アンテロープのおもな種類(1)〔標本画… 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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