Rock-forming minerals

Japanese: 造岩鉱物 - ぞうがんこうぶつ
Rock-forming minerals

A mineral that is the main component of various rocks. For example, in igneous rocks, the constituent minerals can be divided into two groups: felsic minerals, which consist of silicate minerals, feldspars, and feldspathoids, and ferromagnesian minerals (also called mafic minerals), which consist of olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica. Feldspathoids are the only group that includes the constituent minerals of almost all igneous rocks. Feldspathoids are the only group that includes feldspathoids because there are several different groups of feldspathoids that are treated as feldspathoids in petrology.

When used strictly, it is a compound word with a classification based on genetic classification, such as igneous rock-forming minerals, sedimentary rock-forming minerals, and metamorphic rock-forming minerals.

[Akira Kato]

"Rock-forming Mineralogy" by Morimoto Nobuo (1989, University of Tokyo Press)""Geochemistry of Rocks and Minerals" edited by Matsui Yoshito and Sakano Shohei (1992, Iwanami Shoten)""New Edition of Earth Science Education Lectures 3: The Science of Minerals" edited by the Earth Sciences Research Association (1995, Tokai University Press)""Materials Constituting the Earth's Crust and Mantle" by Shuto Kenji and Ushiki Masao (1997, Kyoritsu Shuppan)""Iwanami Lectures on Earth and Planetary Sciences 5: Earth and Planetary Material Science" by Toriumi Mitsuhiro et al. (2000, Iwanami Shoten)

[References] | Mica | Amphibole | Igneous rock | Rock | Olivine | Pyroxene | Silicate | Minerals | Cladospar | Feldspar

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

各種岩石を構成する鉱物中、その主要成分をなす鉱物。火成岩に例をとれば、それらを構成する鉱物は、珪(けい)酸鉱物族、長石族、準長石類などからなる珪長鉱物と、橄欖(かんらん)石族、輝石族、角閃(かくせん)石族、雲母(うんも)族などからなる鉄苦土鉱物(苦鉄鉱物ともいう)という二つの区分を設けることで、ほとんどすべての火成岩の構成鉱物をこれに含めることができる。準長石のみが類となっているのは、岩石学的に準長石として扱われるものが、いくつもの異なった族に属しているためである。

 厳密に用いるときには、火成岩造岩鉱物、堆積(たいせき)岩造岩鉱物、変成岩造岩鉱物というように成因的分類に基づく区分との複合語となる。

[加藤 昭]

『森本信男著『造岩鉱物学』(1989・東京大学出版会)』『松井義人・坂野昇平編『岩石・鉱物の地球化学』(1992・岩波書店)』『地学団体研究会編『新版地学教育講座3 鉱物の科学』(1995・東海大学出版会)』『周藤賢治・牛来正夫著『地殻・マントル構成物質』(1997・共立出版)』『鳥海光弘ほか著『岩波講座地球惑星科学5 地球惑星物質科学』(2000・岩波書店)』

[参照項目] | 雲母 | 角閃石 | 火成岩 | 岩石 | 橄欖石 | 輝石 | ケイ酸 | 鉱物 | 準長石 | 長石

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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