An instrument that measures the luminous flux (lumen lm) per unit area of a surface illuminated by light and displays the illuminance (lux lx) of that surface. Luminous flux is the amount of energy carried by light per unit time, but in order to make it proportional to the brightness perceived by the human eye, it is required to multiply it by a specific weighting factor whose value varies depending on the wavelength (color) of light. All units related to light in the International System of Units (SI) are derived from the base unit of luminous intensity, candela (cd), and the luminous flux unit lumen and illuminance unit lux are determined using the standard relative luminous efficiency determined by the International Commission on Illumination as a weighting factor. The principle of a lux meter is to convert the energy of light into an electrical signal, which is calculated and displayed by utilizing the phenomenon in which electrons in a solid are excited by the energy of light, i.e., the photoelectric effect, photovoltaic effect, and photoconduction. There are various types depending on the purpose and use, and they are used for inspecting lighting equipment, etc. [Mitsui Kiyoto] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
光に照らされた面の単位面積当りの光束(国際単位系=SI単位はルーメンlm)を測定し、その面の照度(SI単位はルクスlx)を表示する計器。光束は光によって単位時間に運ばれるエネルギーを表す量であるが、人間の目が感じる明るさに比例した量とするため、光の波長(色)によって値の異なる特定の重み因子を乗じることが約束されている。国際単位系(SI)の光に関する単位は、すべて基本単位である光度の単位カンデラ(cd)から導かれ、光束の単位ルーメンおよび照度の単位ルクスは、重み因子として国際照明委員会が決めた標準比視感度を用いて定められている。照度計の原理は、光のエネルギーによって固体中の電子が励起される現象、すなわち光電効果、光起電力効果、光伝導などを利用し、光のエネルギーを電気信号に変換して計算処理・表示するもので、目的、用途に応じていろいろな型式があり、照明設備の検査などに用いられる。 [三井清人] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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