Public election campaign - Senkyokouei

Japanese: 選挙公営 - せんきょこうえい
Public election campaign - Senkyokouei

A system whereby the national or local government provides various benefits to candidates' election campaigns and covers their expenses. In Japan, this system began in 1925 (Taisho 14), and has since been gradually expanded. Under the current system, (1) the election management committee implements the installation of poster display areas and the publication of election bulletins, (2) the provision of facilities such as the use of public facilities for individual speeches, and (3) the publicly funded expenses such as election postcards, election campaign flyers and posters, newspaper advertisements, political broadcasts and career broadcasts, the use of election campaign vehicles, and free transportation tickets. The original purpose of publicly managed elections is to realize elections that do not cost money and to ensure equal opportunities for election campaigning among candidates, but the current system has problems such as the fact that the freedom of election campaigns other than publicly managed ones is largely prohibited or restricted by the public management (for example, the prohibition or restriction of the distribution of non-legal documents and drawings) and that it is disadvantageous to small political forces (for example, part of the expenses incurred by public management are collected from candidates who do not receive the legal minimum number of votes).

[Ryōshi Mitsuhashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

国または地方公共団体が候補者の選挙運動に対して各種の便宜を与え、その経費を負担する制度。日本では1925年(大正14)に始まり、それ以来しだいに拡充されてきた。現行制度としては、〔1〕選挙管理委員会が実施するものとして、ポスター掲示場の設置、選挙公報の発行、〔2〕施設提供として、個人演説会の公営施設使用、〔3〕公費で経費を負担するものとして、選挙用葉書、選挙運動用ビラ・ポスター、新聞広告、政見放送および経歴放送、選挙運動用自動車の使用、交通機関の無料乗車券などがある。選挙公営の本来の趣旨は、金のかからない選挙の実現と各候補者間の選挙運動の機会均等を図ることにあるが、現行制度においては、公営化に伴い公営以外の選挙運動の自由が大幅に禁止・制限されていること(たとえば法定外文書図画の頒布の禁止ないし制限)、小政治勢力に不利であること(たとえば法定得票に達しない候補者からは公営に要した費用の一部が取り立てられる)などの問題がある。

[三橋良士明]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Election bulletin - Senkyokouhou

>>:  Voting rights - suffrage

Recommend

Scopolia acutangula (English spelling)

…[Tetsuichi Yahara] [Aya Nitta]. … *Some of the t...

Cymodoce japonica (English spelling)

…They cling to other objects with their flattened...

Schefflera

...A small evergreen tree of the Araliaceae famil...

Alkaline Builder - Alkaline Builder

...Anionic surfactants such as LAS, AOS, AS, AES,...

Sum payment bills - Irranbaraiitegata

A bill of exchange with a maturity date (payment d...

Izushi [town] - Izushi

A former town in Izushi County in northern Hyogo P...

Fan banana (Ogibasho) - Ogibasho

…It is an evergreen medium-sized tree of the Musa...

Archibald Creswell

1879‐1974 British scholar of Islamic architecture....

wormseed

...It flowers in late summer. The buds just befor...

Line Post

…In the early days of power transmission, pin ins...

Dendrobium fimbriatum (English spelling) Dendrobiumfimbriatum

…[Koichi Ejiri]. … *Some of the terminology that ...

Ooki Enkichi

Year of death: February 14, 1926 Year of birth: 8/...

Kabuongyokuchouji - Kabuongyokuchouji

…(2) It refers broadly to performing arts. In the...

Miracle

…Danish film director. He is the greatest master ...

Daibosatsu Pass - Daibosatsu Pass

A pass on the border between Enzan City (now Koshu...