World Meteorological Organization - World Meteorological Organization

Japanese: 世界気象機関 - せかいきしょうきかん(英語表記)World Meteorological Organization
World Meteorological Organization - World Meteorological Organization

One of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. Abbreviated as WMO. As of 2011, 183 countries and 6 territories are members. As weather has no borders, international cooperation is essential for meteorological observation operations. The seeds of WMO date back to the Maritime Meteorological Congress held in Brussels, Belgium in 1853, and the subsequent International Meteorological Congress held in Vienna, Austria in 1873 was the beginning of IMO (International Meteorological Organization), the predecessor of WMO. The WMO Convention came into force in 1950, and Japan joined in 1953 (Showa 28). The objectives of WMO are:
(1) Promoting international cooperation in the establishment of meteorological observation networks and in the establishment and maintenance of meteorological centers.
(2) Establishing and facilitating organizations for the rapid exchange of meteorological information.
(3) Standardization and publication of meteorological observations
(4) Application of meteorology to human activities
(5) Meteorological education and research, etc.

The WMO's highest decision-making body is the World Meteorological Congress, which meets once every four years, and it has an Executive Council, technical committees, regional meteorological associations, and a secretariat. Its main activities include the World Weather Watch (WWW), the World Climate Programme (WCP), and the Atmospheric Research and Environment Programme (AREP). The WWW has three World Meteorological Centres (WMCs) in Washington, Moscow, and Melbourne, which serve as global bases for the analysis of meteorological data and the preparation and provision of forecast materials, and Regional Special Meteorological Centres (RSMCs) that support meteorological organizations in their respective regions, which are located between the National Meteorological Centres (NMCs) of each country.

[Toshiaki Yasuda and Yoh Narumura]

"Japan Meteorological Agency, 'Global Warming Monitoring Report 1992: Trends in greenhouse gases and climate change related to global warming, and the state of the ozone layer' (1993, Ministry of Finance Printing Bureau)""Oshiba Ryo, editor, 'Encyclopedia of International Organizations Shaping the 21st Century 5: International Organizations Related to the Environment' (2003, Iwasaki Shoten)""Japan Meteorological Agency, 'Current Meteorological Operations' (2010, Kenseido Printing)"

[References] | IMO | RSMC | Meteorology | Weather Observation | United Nations | World Climate Programme | World Weather Watch | Specialized Agencies

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

国連の専門機関の一つ。略称WMO。2011年時点で、183か国と6領域が構成員として加盟している。気象には国境がないので、気象観測事業に国際協力は欠かせない。WMOの芽は、1853年にベルギーのブリュッセルで開かれた海上気象会議であり、その後の1873年にオーストリアのウィーンで開かれた国際気象会議は、WMOの前身であるIMO(International Meteorological Organizationの略。国際気象機関)の始まりであった。WMO条約は1950年に発効し、日本は1953年(昭和28)に加盟した。WMOの目的は、
(1)気象観測網の確立、気象中枢の確立と維持についての国際協力の助長
(2)気象情報の迅速な交換のための組織の確立と助長
(3)気象観測の標準化と公表
(4)人間活動に対する気象学の応用
(5)気象の教育と研究
などである。

 WMOの組織は、最高決議機関が4年に1回開催される世界気象会議で、その下に執行理事会、専門委員会、地区気象協会、事務局がある。主要活動として世界気象監視(WWW)、世界気候計画(WCP)、大気研究・環境計画(AREP)などがある。WWWにおいては、気象データの解析・予報資料の作成や提供を行うため、世界的拠点となるワシントン、モスクワ、メルボルンの三つの世界気象中枢(WMC)と、それぞれの国の国家気象中枢(NMC)の間に、担当する地域内の気象機関を支援する地域特別気象中枢(RSMC)がつくられている。

[安田敏明・饒村 曜]

『気象庁編『地球温暖化監視レポート1992 地球温暖化にかかわる温室効果気体と気候変動の動向及びオゾン層の状況について』(1993・大蔵省印刷局)』『大芝亮監修『21世紀をつくる国際組織事典5 環境にかかわる国際組織』(2003・岩崎書店)』『気象庁編『気象業務はいま』(2010・研精堂印刷)』

[参照項目] | IMO | RSMC | 気象学 | 気象観測 | 国際連合 | 世界気候計画 | 世界気象監視 | 専門機関

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  World Messianity - Sekai Kyuseikyo

>>:  World Weather Watch Program; WWW

Recommend

Katia - Katia

Please see the Dia page. Source: Encyclopaedia Br...

Yun Qi Zhū Hóng (English spelling)

1535‐1615 A Chinese monk from the late Ming Dynast...

Berna, P. (English spelling) BernaP

…M. Aime's childhood stories are full of fant...

Deslandres, H. (English spelling) DeslandresH

…Graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Techno...

Kastrup Airport - Kastrup Airport

…It is managed by the Schiphol Airport Authority....

Lady-of-the-night

...They have a strong fragrance. The large-flower...

Wire

〘 noun 〙① A thin, linear piece of metal. [Irinhon ...

Climate classification - climatic classification

There are climates all over the world with differ...

Space division electronic switching system

…For example, crossbar exchanges use mechanical s...

Kakunodate [town] - Kakunodate

An old town in Senboku District, eastern Akita Pre...

Ilion (English spelling)

A town in central New York State, United States. I...

Adone, M. - Adone

... G. jamesonii was discovered in the 1870s, and...

The Dictionary of the English Language

…(3) The authoritative standard is in the form of...

The Peace of Augsburg - The Peace of Augsburg

In 1555, at the Imperial Diet of Augsburg, a treat...

dāstān (English spelling) dastan

...In addition to works that feature animals and ...