Motoo Kimura

Japanese: 木村資生 - きむらもとお

Born: November 13, 1924 in Okazaki
[Died] November 13, 1994. Biologist. Graduated from the Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University (1947). Became a researcher at the National Institute of Genetics (49), head of the laboratory (57), and head of the Department of Population Genetics (64). Received the Japan Academy Prize in 1968 for "Studies on the theory of population genetics." He proposed the "neutral theory of biological evolution," and has been highly praised internationally for solving many problems that had been difficult to explain with the theory of evolution based on natural selection since Charles Darwin. This theory clarified the laws of evolution by using advanced mathematical techniques to determine the probability that mutations will mechanically occur in a population, even if the environment does not change. Received the Order of Culture in 1976 and the Asahi Prize in 1986. Became a member of the Japan Academy in 1982 and retired from the National Institute of Genetics in 1988.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1924.11.13. 岡崎
[没]1994.11.13. 三島
生物学者。京都大学理学部植物学科卒業 (1947) ，国立遺伝学研究所研究員となり (49) ，研究室長 (57) ，集団遺伝部長 (64) 。 1968年「集団遺伝学の理論の研究」によって日本学士院賞受賞。「生物進化中立説」を提唱し，C.ダーウィン以来の自然選択説の進化論では説明困難だった多くの問題を解決した業績は国際的にも高く評価されている。これは，環境が変らなくても，突然変異が集団のなかで機械的に起る確率を高度な数学的手法を用いて，進化の法則を明らかにした学説である。 76年文化勲章，86年度朝日賞を受賞。 82年から日本学士院会員，88年に国立遺伝学研究所退官。

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