A type of small marine animal belonging to the order Ctenostomata, class Bryozoa, and family Pontic Bryozoa. Many animal bodies less than 1 mm long, called zooids, adhere to each other to form colonies. Zooids consist of a chitinous pouch-like worm chamber and the soft body that fits inside it, i.e. the worm body. The worm body has eight tentacles. The zooids bud one after another on chitinous tubules, which frequently branch into three, and grow into huge colonies several tens of centimeters tall in a short period of time. This is the largest colony of bryozoans in the world. The pale yellow colonies that grow hanging from the bottoms of boats, rafts, fishing nets, etc. look just like the seaweed Sargassum. They are widely distributed in temperate zones around the world, and in Japan they are commonly seen on the coasts south of the Kanto region, where they are well known as fouling organisms in aquaculture facilities. [Mawatari Shunsuke] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
触手動物門苔虫(こけむし)綱櫛口(しっこう)目フクロコケムシ科に属する海産小動物の1種。個虫とよばれる体長1ミリメートル以下の動物体が多数癒着して群体をつくる。個虫は、キチン質でできた袋状の虫室と、その中に収まる軟体部、つまり虫体とからなる。虫体は8本の触手をもつ。個虫はキチン質の細管の上に次々と出芽し、細管は頻繁に3分岐を続け、短期間で高さ数十センチメートルもの巨大群体に成長する。これはコケムシの群体としては世界最大である。船底、筏(いかだ)、漁網などから垂れ下がって成長する淡黄色の群体は、海藻のホンダワラそっくりである。世界各地の温帯に広く分布し、日本では関東地方以南の沿岸で普通にみられ、養殖施設などの汚損生物としてよく知られている。 [馬渡峻輔] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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